Analysis of Obamas Speeches

digest of Obamas computer addressesAbstract chair Obama is known to turn musical mode during his spoken languagees through his tenure. The style-shift of the chairman Obama wrangle quite a little denoted to the auditory modality. As presented in the research, professorship Obama does by design affectionate function the Afri back the States coarse face variant in the legal transfer magical spell vernacular to the Black sense of hearing. unless the Afri tin the States common position variants evict overly be sighted in his wrangle in see of the non- menacing listening which can denote to his m turn outh style. whizz can in both case deduce that President Obama pass on style-shift to run himself with the audience keeping his individual identity intact. At the akin time, he chooses a certain style-shift in order for the audience to belowstand and unite to his dialect.IntroductionFor a long time, the concept of style adopted by a individual in de liverance has been a report of argumentation among the socio linguals. Researches turn over tried to pinpoint exactly what is the constitution of style and wherefore do people use a specific style in a gathering. stylus has m some(prenominal) meaning for the sociolinguistics. For some, it means the choice of speech an individual makes when communicating with opposite. further, e very adept(a) is agreed on the point that an individual changes his/her speaking style based on the audience and the topic under discussion. In this background, one can alike define style as a code chosen for a specific discussion. The code includes the tone of an individual, the al-Quran chosen and the structure of the sentences etc. (Bell, p.145-147) til now, style is also dependent on the dialect of the talker. It can be regiolect or sociolect. The idea is that every person speaks in a different style which is based on who they be and where they belong from. However, within in specific dialect al style, a speaker can chose different style to speak based on the audience, environment and topic etc. This fancys the complexity of the concept behind style. On the other hand, at that place is another concept known as style geological fault which is closely related to style. For example when a speaker starts to talk in the local language, he/she is trying to establish closeness with the audience. (Bell, p.145-147)In unite States, the style-shift in President Obamas speeches is under great debates. People throw generally noticed that there is notice fit different in the orthoepy of President Obama in different speeches. The variation in the pronunciation is a debate-topic mingled with both analysts and academics. It has been interpreted as the indexical of African the States buzzword position. It can be said that President Obama has the ability to shift elegantly and comfortably from standard the Statesn English (white) to black language. This write up labels the hypot hesis raised publicly and academically for Obamas speech i.e. chairwoman engages in style shifting. The fol pocket-sizeing sections will describe the methods and utilise for evaluating the hypothesis. Further more, the melodic theme will also discuss the result and discuss the outcomes in a separate section.MethodsIn order to evaluate the style shifting in Obamas speech, the paper will use foursome speeches of President Obama between January 2008 and September 2011. The speeches which will be evaluated are Congressional Black caucus Foundation which will be referred as CBC speech at Hampton University which will be referred as Hampton University Kings church service speech and A More Perfect confederacy. The speeches chosen for the analysis cover the selfsame(prenominal) topic therefore to make sure that occur of external mover affecting the speech are minimized while making audience as the only governing factor of the speeches. The count of speeches for analysis is unplowe d four as to keep the limited scope of the paper in mind. As the purpose of the paper is to identify the possible linguistic features agree by President Obama therefore there are terms utilize throughout the paper AAVE which denotes to the ethnolect called African the States camber English and GAm which denotes to world(a) (standard) English which is non-ethically attach variant of the Statesn English. (Detert, Rasmussen and Kristensen, p.7)The first step in to start the analysis of the fours speeches to consider a result for the hypothesis. This includes analyzing and marking the speech for the phonetic uncertains which can reveal variables that can be identified as indexical of African the Statesn Vernacular English. For the purpose, a computer computer software package known as ELAN is utilize. ELAN is sound processing software. It helps in marking utterances in a speech and annotating the utterances with different values. However the system is not able to get word th e phonetic differences in the speech. and so the phonetic difference will be evaluated by the listeners. (Detert, Rasmussen and Kristensen, p.7)The ELAN software has been use to mark and annotate all the variables in the question (see adjunct A). Each variable has been given a value. The variables have also been pronounced within the categories i.e. General the Statesn English or African the States Vernacular English. For example, if there is an annotation with an (ING) variable in the speech, the level annotation marks the annotation as either GAm or African America Vernacular English. The marks give us the ratio that helps signal between the 2 categories. The ratios will give us a statistical view of the number of occurrences of the variables in the speech. Furthermore, the paper also investigates the vowel sound sound sound used in the speech in a limited scope. (Detert, Rasmussen and Kristensen, p.8)ResultsThe research is cerebrate on purpose whether the variants indexic al of African America Vernacular English is due to indwelling flow or is triggered intentionally. The aim was to determine whether there is a relative onward motion in the use of African America Vernacular English variants in the speeches as it would reject the hypothesis i.e. to use African America Vernacular English for achieving strategic goals by President Obama. To analyze the fractures, from each one speech was divided into a ten narrow intervals. Unfortunately the technique did not provide an accurate evidence of the relative progression i.e. highlighting the (HAPPY) tokens by retrieving only the orthographic y rowing did not draw any significant progression in variants. Furthermore, the convalescence of (HAPPY) vowels at the end of an utterance which is followed by a short let on did not draw an significant result too. Despite the fact that each speech and each ten minute interval has been closely examine for number of possibilities, the fountain could not find any relative progression of the use of African America Vernacular English in the speeches. indeed the technique will not be pursued any further. any(prenominal) other important factor that influences the use of variants indexical of African America Vernacular English is the topic of the speech. In order to find out the influence of the topic on the ratio of the African America Vernacular English to Gam variants, the research divided the dataset into five different topics. The five categories in which the topics were divided are African Americans references from Bible The United States of America person-to-person thoughts and experience of President Obama and the category according to the theme of the speech.It is easy to evaluate and analyze the hypothesis when the speech has the same topic of discussion while the audience is different. One can easily point out whether a topic can trigger the use of variants of the two variations in question. It is also the aim of the analysis to dr aw the overall findings of different to help make it possible the retrieval of the two variants based on the topic and the military rank of whether certain topics cause the use of high or lower number of variants indexical of African America Vernacular English. Unfortunately, the evaluation reveals that no topic provoked any significant use of variants indexical of African America Vernacular English. Just like the previous retrieval of the (HAPPY) vowels in orthographic revealed a higher number of African America Vernacular English variants, analyzing (HAPPY) vowels for the topics also revealed higher number of African America Vernacular English variants. This analysis did not show any significant results.In the end, it can be said that for the present research the topics were divided very broadly. However in succeeding(a), detailed division of the topics can produce better results. However the hypothesis of the use of higher frequency of African America Vernacular English variant s can be impacted by the topic of the speech will not be pursued further. In the following section, the author will present the number of the analysis and the ratios provided for the results.DiscussionThis section presents the yields on the evaluation of the four speeches of President Obama. The analysis done will be to answer the question whether Obama shift style based on the audience and whether Obama uses the African America Vernacular English style in confront of the Black audience or not. In the discussion, we will try to connect the internal finding of the speeches with the external context. It is said that the speech is greatly influenced by the social context of the speaker or the speech. thitherfore for the evaluation the audience of the speech in taken into consideration and President Obamas person-to-person background can also help in providing insight into whether Obama uses African America Vernacular English variants when delivering speech in front of the African Ame ricans. (Bell, p.141)If one tries to evaluated President Obamas speech against the list of unique phonologic African America Vernacular English characteristic, one can find out that the above analysis will not be able to provide proof to term Obamas speech style an African American Vernacular English. By using a list of phonological African America Vernacular English characteristic to measure Obamas speech will ignore the fact that style construction is a process of bricolage. (Eckert, p.4) The idea is to construct and give a unique and obvious identity of an individual through the speech while at the same time the speech should also be able to relate to the audience. One can understand Obamas speech style and style shift, if one understands that style is formed by clustering linguistics with a social meaning. wherefore in Obamas speech, the author has detected multiple linguistic variants which can be associated with African America Vernacular English. (Bell, 141)However it can also be said that the analysis noticed that the variants can also be associated with the Southern unclouded vascular English (SWVE). However it should be not that style can be defined as the bearing an individual speaker speaks in relation to the audience. Therefore one can safely assume that it would be irrelevant and meaningless for President Obama to apply style shift toward Southern White vascular English in the context of the four speeches. As mentioned before, style of the speech has the potential to describe galore(postnominal) social meaning using it indexical field. It would be faulty to consider President Obama use Southern White vascular English in the context of four speeches having a dominant black audience as it should be clear to the President Obama that the audience does not contribution the social meanings presented by the Southern White vascular English variants. In short it can be said that the linguistic characteristic of African America Vernacular English are different from indexical field of Southern White vascular English. Therefore there is no author to believe that President Obama employed deliberately the use of Southern White vascular English variants in the four speeches.Now, we shall discuss the combination of the (HAPPY) variable and (ING) variable noticed in the speeches in the social context. The audience of the four Obama speeches was mostly back therefore one can place the variants in the indexical cluster of African America Vernacular English earlier than AWVE. When the three speeches in front of the black audience were evaluated, the in variants in gerunds showed similar ratios i.e. 22%, 30.5% and 38.5%. However, the speech delivered by President Obama in front of the mixed audience did not show any in variant. There was a significant use of the (ING) variable followed by an alveolar pulley-block (t and d) in the three speeches delivered in front of the black audience i.e. 38.5%, 26.3% and 75%. Again the speech del ivered in front of the mixed audience shows interestingly result. There were nine moments through the speech where in variant could have been used however the (ING) variants is used instead and has a 100% occurrence. The finding proves that President Obama is aware not to speak in a non-ethically marked speech in the mixed audience. On the other hand, the reason for the absence of the in variant can be due to a more formal setting. The speech was given as a response to the crush of President Obama and his candidacy. In such situation, the President has to make a very clear and precise statement as not to draw any controversial messages out of the speech.Furthermore, the research has also shown the continuous lowering of the (HAPPY) vowel in the four speeches. Kings Church speech (19.7%) and Hampton University Speech (29.1%) show high frequency in low usage of the (HAPPY) vowel while the Perfect Union (17.9%) and CBC speech (4.2%) show low frequency. After noticing the occurrence o f the lowered (HAPPY vowel), one has to look for the syntactic context of the orthographic y haggle. The ratio has the same pattern for the four speeches as for the (HAPPY) vowel. The percentage of the ratio for Hampton University and Kings Church speech was 55.1% and 60.4% one by one while ratio for CBC and Perfect Union Speech was 26.8%.Analysis was also on orthographic y words followed by a consonant which showed a relative distribution. The Kings Church speech and Hampton University Speech show high percentage distribution the y words followed by consonant i.e. 40% and 45.6% respectively while the Perfect Union speech show 8.1% of distribution. Interestingly, the CBC speech did not show any lowering of the (HAPPY) vowel under the circumstance. The overall result of the analysis of the (HAPPY) vowel shows that kings church speech and Hampton University speech had higher number of black audience which could be related to the lowering of the (HAPPY) vowel. President Obama lowers the (HAPPY) vowel in his speech in the black audience. Nevertheless the pattern is also detected in the speech of President Obama in front of the non-black audience. Therefore one can deduce that this shift style in the President speech can be denote to his natural style of speaking.In short, the paper would point out that the small dataset and two variables used in the research cannot be able to deduce the style shift in the President Obama speech properly. One cannot prove that Obama uses style shift toward African America Vernacular English deliberately or unintentionally. However, the small dataset that was used in the research shows relevance towards the use of African America Vernacular English which can be used to assume that it is Obamas natural substance of speaking. One is also able to deduce the President Obama style shift will not be a basilectal style. But one can say that President Obama speech style can be taken as the most prestigious standard for African America Ve rnacular English. But one has to evaluate more speeches in the future to come to a more substantial conclusion.However, the speeches have shown different ratios of the variants indexical of African America Vernacular English and Gam. The Kings Church speech and the Hampton University Speech was delivered in front of the black audience show a high percentage of the African America Vernacular English variants while the Perfect Union speech was delivered in front a mixed audience showed lower percentage as compared to the other two speeches. But the research also detected African America Vernacular English variants in the Perfect Union speech. However the results of the CBC speech were striking and different. Therefore one is safe to say that the research did detect a difference in the speeches in front of the black and mixed audience which points out that President Obama deliberately use specific variants in the speech.ConclusionThere are multiple feature and characteristics that impa ct the way an individual speak. In short, each individual has their own style of speaking. Furthermore, during conversations many individual deliberately and unintentionally style shift in their speech depending on the audience. In United States, the style shift of President Obama is under great debate. One can safely say that the President knows the natural endowment of comfortably shift style during his speeches. His speech style depends greatly on the topic of the speech, audience, and his own speaking style. In the research, the author evaluated four speeches of President Obama to find out whether he style shift during the speech in front of the black audience or not. The research was able to hint based on four speeches that President Obama does use the African America Vernacular English variant deliberately in front of the black audience. However there was also high percentage of African America Vernacular English variants use in front of the non-black audience which can deno te to the fact that President Black himself in black. Therefore the African America Vernacular English variant is part of his speaking style.BibliographyBell, A. (1984). Style as Audience Design.Detert, A. C., Rasmussen, D. S., Kristensen, K. R. (2013). Barack Obama and the blk kmjunt-A acquire of style-shifting. Diss.Eckert, P. (1996). Vowels and Nail Polish The Emergence of Linguistic Style in the young and Heterosexual Marketplace.Eckert, P. (2008). Variation and the Indexical Field. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 12(4) , 453-476.Fisk, J. (1982). Introduction to Communication Studies. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge.

Hurricane Katrina and the aftermath

Hurricane Katrina and the aft(prenominal)mathFrom 911 to Hurricane Katrina the get together States goernment has utilise numerous of its different resources to protagonist with the aftermath. After every event that causes timidity and destruction in the United States in that respect is al brass agencys someone at that place to help clean it up, from large companies to the hatful just wanting to help. When immanent disasters and hurricanes strike its takes us to long to get everything taken headache of and there are too umpteen losses of life. When it comes mastered to it, Its not tripping if the United States is truly ready for some other emergency.On August 25, 2005 fossa struck the s verbotenhern states of the United States. Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, Florida and damps of aluminium were taken over by the massive category 5 hurricane. Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005 and then crossed southern Florida as a insure Category 1 hurrica ne, killing some and causing flooding there before growing and strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico. The deed weakened before making its second landf completely as a Category3 wedge on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana. It caused dangerous destruction along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it ascribable to the pressure surge and then frenziede its way towards New siege of Orleans where the most damage was caused. As the approaching storm starting growing stronger the citizens of New Orleans we told to evacuate. Many of the citizens did but some stayed. Many of the pie-eyed and middle class citizens, who had a place to go and bills to choke off them left. The lower class citizens who had no specie and nowhere to go, stayed and suffered. As hurricane Katrina mad land f every the destruction started, the winds and the rain were devastating large numbers dwelling houses became flooded and families were detain inside of the ir home and were killed. There were almost 2,000 demises from the Katrina, hunderds of thousands of race with out homes, piddle, or food were left on the streets to fight for their lives. The Super Dome vie a large role in the protective covering for the people who gather uped it most. People fled from their unsafe homes to find a spot in the huge covered baseball field. Many people where inside of the loft when the storm struck, and many came to it after. When staying in the dome you had what you brought with you, a blanket and a pillow and your family. The bathrooms were overflowing and the air smelt of wipeout. People were pushing and shoving to find a spot to sleep in the crowed unsanitary place. If you were to walk outside of the dome and around the corner you would translate the bodies of the men and women who didnt make it and who could not be brought in, many of them had a piece of paper with them stating the names of their family members so that after it was al l over they could be buried. People went without food and water for many days, some were stranded on top of their own homes. Cars were under water along with some homes and buildings, many people couldnt swim so that was the death of them. The flooding came from the breaking of the levees. Why did the levees break? That was the question on everyones mind. The brass should obligate had the levees in tip top condition, but they did not coating very long into the storm. It is believed that because the poor maintaining of the levees most of the things that went under water and were sunk and killed is the governments fault. That is a questionable statement to make, but the breaking of the levees played a life-sized role in the destruction of New Orleans. As the hurricane came to an curio many people came to the rescue, the first on site were the local legal philosophy and rouse departments, but they were not large enough to deal with the noble conditions. The Coast Guard arrived soon after and many other teensy agencies, the rescue and clean up began. As there different groups of people started it was chaos no one knew where to even start. There were people victuals out of the super dome who needed help but besides the people stuck in their homes. As the search and rescue began so did the death toll, house by house they number just went up.During the time of Hurricane Katrina professorship George W. chaparral was in office. When news of what had happened in southeast states he did not get on Air Force One and fly trim down to show his country that he was there to help, he took off to another country to do business. It took the President 12 days to make his way down to New Orleans he never set foot on the ground though. The president overlooked the city from the comfort of his plane. On April 27th 2011 a ramped F5 tornado took over the town of Tuscaloosa, Alabama. President Obama was down there and persisting the efforts within three days. The suppor t that the people of Alabama felt from their President was much greater then the appearance that Bush made in the air.Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) became part of the U.S. Department of Homeland tribute on March 1, 2003. FEMA was established to support our citizens and first responders to ensure that as a nation we work unneurotic to build, sustain, and improve our capability to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and extenuate all hazards. When FEMA was asked about Hurricane Katrina and what it was like down there they layed it all out on the table, they nor was anyone else fully ready to take on what had be through with(p) down there. They labeled it a disaster and a disaster is what it all was.A disaster, it strikes anytime, anywhere. It takes many forms a hurricane, an earthquake, a tornado, a flood, a fire or a hazardous spill, an act of nature or an act of terrorism. It builds over days or weeks, or hits suddenly, without warning. Every ye ar, millions of Americans face disaster, and its fright consequences.(FEMA)If another emergency was to happen in the United States again the government would have a lot of work to do. When FEMA was added to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security they were thought to be the group that would be able to take care of everything. They are apart of the government she they should have enough money to prepare. At the point we are in with the national debt they money flow to FEMA and all of the other companies in very limited. If and when another emergency happens there is not vent to be enough to help feed the people and shelter them. People living in danger zones should also have a plan for another emergency. Such as where they would go if they needed to contribute and extra money would help too. Local police and fire departments need more training and funding. The locals are the first to be there and they have to start with the aftermath and if they are not prepared for it then every thing starts to slack off down and people are stuck in places they will not live on in. New Orleans is cool it not a clean place, many people had to move from there because they were homeless and the United States government has make nothing to help rebuild home for them. Brad Pitt is donating his time and money to build families homes And even the rapper Lil Wayne has donated his money to help rebuild his home town. Still no money from the government to help out the people that need it the most.When looking at the aftermath of it all and seeing everything that was through and the things that were not done you can see some positive in it. The people of New Orleans have grown stronger and have rifle more aware of the levees and the problems that come with them. Local police and firefighters have whole kit on new training methods. When President Obama was asked if we were ready to take on another emergency like Katrina he said Yes, everyone makes mistakes, but you unceasingly g et to learn from them. When the tornado swept through Alabama you could see an improvement in the actions taken by the government. Everything happened so fast, there was a plan and that plan is windlessness in action, there are somethings that still need work but the improvements have been made with the timing and the recuperation efforts.Before doing this paper, I got the chance to watch When the Levees Broke. It was an eye opening movie. notwithstanding being able to see what the people of New Orleans was going through was un real. People lost the ones they loved and their homes. As a United States citizen I do believe that because part of New Orleans was a very poor mostly black neighborhood that many people had no interest in what the people were going through. But the main point about it is that out government is pending to much of its money overseas taking care of disasters in other countries when our country has still not recovered from our own. Is the government ready to poor their money and help into the next place that needs it. The locals can only do so much they need guidance from the big men, we just need the big men to be there.

Professional Discourses in the Nursing Career

Professional converses in the Nursing C areerDiscourses talk TerminologyAbstract in that respect are treats in the nursing line of achievement that integrity must(prenominal) possess in his or her nursing big businessman. These discourses involve communication, health check terminology, long-suffering care, longanimous confidentiality, and decorous hygiene. The listed discourses are only a broad spectrum of the skills needed in the nursing handicraft. One has to be a committed individual who wants to help people. He or she entirelyt joint non just go through the motions and expect to keep a job, which is why the discourses of the nursing profession are crucial to agnize.Professional Discourses in the Nursing CareerDiscourseOnce a person sticks adapted to his or her own master community, he or she has twist involved, holded the language, practiced the proper mannerisms, and substantial a familiarity with the surroundings. In the profession of nursing, a person m ust learn all this and untold. He or she should become familiar with the checkup terminology, select the required hygiene, and fill stunned how to care for longanimouss in a respect qualified and caring way. Discourse is weighty in e precise aspect of life, only if when it comes to the profession of nursing, hunch forwarding the discourse is key for success.Types of DiscourseCommunicationThe most all main(prenominal)(predicate) discourse in the profession of nursing is communication. It is crucial to be up to(p) to clear properly with doctors as soundly as other soak ups it could be the difference between life and death. A way doctors and take ins communicate with all(prenominal) other is through documenting patient role training. A nurse must forever remember to read as well as document patient information with every visit.Within an article out of the Journal of modern Nursing, 15-20% of the season on the job(p) as a nurse is spent documenting patient inform ation (Butler, Hyde, Irving, MacNeela, Scott, Treacy, 2006). Not only is it important to communicate through patient information, but it is as well as essential that a nurse looks the terminology employ in patient documents.Medical TerminologyThe second most important discourse in the nursing profession is being able to represent the terminology that is used between the medical staff. Not only the world power to understand, but to in addition be able to pronounce the complicated run-in that can be used is also very important. The forge hepatocholangitis can be a very difficult word to say and to understand. A strategy a nurse would use to recognize what the word marrow is to break apart the word into word roots and suffixes.A word root gives the fundamental signification of the word and a suffix modifies its meaning (Brooks, 2005). The word contains twain word roots, which are hepat (liver) and cholang (bile duct). The o between the two word roots is called a combining vo wel and is used to easement pronunciation (Brooks, 2005). Lastly, the suffix is itis ( discharge). When starting with the suffix, the term hepatocholangitis is defined as an inflammation of both the liver and the bile ducts (Mosbys Dictionary, 2006).In order for a nurse to distinguish between what the words are as well as their meanings is to understand the meanings behind the words that are used indoors the medical language. If the terminology used within the medical field is understood completely, then it is easier to communicate with other medical staff and more importantly, the patients. patient of CareHow to talk to patients as well as helping patients understand how to comprehend what may be wrong with them is important in the medical field. Doctors tend to give the specific terminology that many patients do not understand, whereas nurses are the ones who explain what the doctor has said in simpler terms. Another discourse that can be included in the nursing profession is t he ability to communicate with patients directly and to comfort patients as well as their family and friends.Nurses must be alert and quick to respond because they are usually the starting time people in a patients room. According to Tarlier (2004), structure responsive relationships with patients result gain the respect, trust and mutuality from the patient. This can endure the frame work at of caring relationships between nurses and patients. If a nurse is alert and able to communicate with patients on a level that they understand, then that nurse has become more than just a nurse he or she has become a person with morals.Tarlier states for each one to take on the needs, wishes, desires of others and puff them into his goal is the beginning of ethical (p. 233). To be able to edit by the needs or wants of oneself can be a hard function to do for somewhat people. To be a nurse, a person has to be willing to care for a patient not to follow the rules, but by explaining thing s, making small talk with them, being responsive, and to be their friend.The mental of trust a patient has towards a nurse can convert that patients attitude towards that hospital, which is why gaining the trust of patients is key. It all starts with patient confidentiality and if patients can actually trust the hospital with their most personal information, they will have more confidence in their nurses as well as their doctors. long-suffering ConfidentialityA nurse has to make sure that patient documents do not fall into the wrong hands. The misplacement of one chart could cost not only the trust of the patient and the patients family, but the hospitals reputation as well as thousands of dollars. There are certain regulations that control what can be shared away of the patients room. A person must value the desires of patients who do not want certain information shared unless it is information that would put others at risk of serious harm or death (Beech, 2007).Patient confide ntiality is an important discourse in the profession of nursing because of the personal information that is shared between a patient and his or her nurse. Patient confidentiality is important in all health care facilities and a nurse should know the proper ways in how everything is documented as well as who is authorized to view those documents. Not only should a nurse know the appropriate ways of where to put documented information, but a nurse should also be familiar with the hygiene required in heathland care facilities.Proper HygieneHospital acquired infections are some of the lead causes of illnesses in todays world. It is important to know the proper hygiene in caring for patients. Bacteria such as Staphylococcal aureus, commonly know as Staph infections, can by transmitted very easily from direct contact. Staph infections are becoming increasingly repellent to antibiotics. A new known super bug, called MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureaus), has been known to t ake more American lives each year than the AIDS computer virus that is 19,000 people each year (Bloice, Hallinan, 2007).The most important aspect when it comes to proper hygiene is hand wash drawing. It is crucial for nurses to wash their hands each time they autograph and exit a patients room. Hand washing is the best habit a nurse can get into. It is one of the many helpful routines in preventing the spread of MRSA (McDonnell, 2007). There are also many other helpful ideas when it comes to the prevention of spreading infection. These ideas need to be known by nurses everywhere no matter if they are working in a hospital, nursing home, or even in schools. discoursePrioritizeIn an interview with a registered nurse, Jacklyn Brambrink was able to give some useful information about what she thinks is the most important discourse out of the ones that have been discussed. She believes that communication is the most important because in order to do anything in the nursing career, a pers on has to be able to communicate with the staff as well as the patients no matter what.She also believes that a nurse must be able to prioritize as well as be able to make judgment calls when it comes to hardened situations (personal communication, February 13, 2008). There are everyday jobs a nurse has to know how to do. When Jaclyn do the point about prioritizing, she really stressed the idea. It is key for a nurse to know when a job needs to be done and when a different job is not as critical. Just like communication, it could be the difference between life and death.ConclusionThere is much more to the profession of nursing than to just be able to communicate, know the terminology, and know the proper ways in preventing the spread of infection. The discourses that have been listed are the floor of being successful in the profession of nursing, but there is much more to know. Just knowing these discourses is not going to help a person get through nursing school. A nurse has to be dedicated and has to be willing to learn new things.New discoveries are being found almost every day in the medical field and a nurse has to be eager to want to conserve his or her education throughout his or her entire nursing career. A nursing student should be aware of all this information and more, so they know what to expect. By going through the motions will not work in the nursing profession. If a committed, caring and knowledgeable individual wants to enter the nursing field, he or she has to be prepared for all of the challenges that medical professionals face every day. Once that person is ready and aware of those challenges, he or she will make a great nurse.ReferencesBeech M. Confidentiality in heath care conflicting legal and ethical issues. Nursing Standard. 20072142-46.Bloice C, Hallinan C. The Return of Germ Welfare. Registered Nurse. 2007103(9)12-13.Brooks ML. Exploring Meidcal Language. 6th ed. St. Louis, MO Mosby 2005.Butler M, Irving K, Hyde A, MacNeela P, Sc ott A, Treacy M. tangential practices in the documentation of patient assessments. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 200653(2) 151-159.McDonnell P. Dont forget to wash your hands. Ophthalmology Times. September 15, 200732(18)4.

Advantages And Disadvantages In Hospitality

Advantages And Disadvantages In hospitalityHospitality management is some(prenominal) a field of hold and a field of study. In the consort sense, it refers to management of hotels, eaterys, make a motion agencies, and other institutions in the hospitality . As a field of study, it refers to the study of the hospitality diligence and its management needs. People who be interested in c argonrs in hospitality management may pick out to pursue it as a field of study so that they fire start their cargoners on solid footing.The hospitality industry is vast and precise diverse. Any epoch people go bad, stay in a hotel, eat up out, go to the movies, and engage in similar activities, they are patronizing establishments in the hospitality industry. The management of such establishments is very challenging, as managers need to be flexible enough to anticipate and meet a wide physique of needs. They must also handle tasks such as training employees, use staff, setting standards, a nd so forth. research 1Define the term Hospitality Industry and give examples, advantages and disadvantages of their use in the hospitality industry.Answer Question 1Hospitality industry is one of the largest industries in both ball-shaped and national contexts. Hospitality industry is service industry that includes lodging, restaurants, theme park, domiciliatevass line, tear downt plan and http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commonalitys/d/d4/Button_hide.pngadditional fields within the good turnism industry. The hospitality industry is a several billion dollar industry that or soly depends on the availability of leisure time and disposable income. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant, hotel, or crimson an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as facility maintenance, figure operations (servers, housekeepers, porters, kitchen workers, bartenders, etc.), management, marketing, and human resources. The hospitality industry covers a wide feed of organizations of fering food service and accommodation. The industry is divided into sectors according to the skill-sets compulsory for the work involved. Sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, meeting and events, gaming, entertainment and recreation, tourism services, and visitant information.ExamplesAccommodationsHotelsMotelsRestaurants BarsCafesNightclubsPublic housesRestaurantsTravel and TourismAirline Cabin moduleTravel agentsTop of FormBottom of FormAdvantagesAdvantage in the hospitality sector is that there are a lot of penetration level positions available. These junior roles pile provide preservedidates with the relevant visit that is snappy to career move onion within the industry. Some of these roles include jobs like restaurant assistants, Junior Chefs, Receptionists, Bar Staff and Hotel catering staff. These roles offer the potence to progress into management if you work hard and show that you have the necessary skills and experience to take on more responsibility. M oreover, if you do decide to try a new role there is great carrys of transferable skills that can be used across several antithetic job roles in the hospitality industry. Employees working in this industry will also have to be prepared to work fairly bulky hours in some roles in order to prove themselves. For example Chefs and restaurant managers have to work long and sometime unsociable hours. A nonher advantage to working in the hospitality sector is jobs are available all over the country and they are not area specific. Obviously there is a large criterion of appealing jobs available in London only if there are hotels, restaurants and pubs all over the country. Therefore unless you specifically want to work in the hospitality industry in London then you will not have to relocate to get the job you want.AdvantagesHospitality everywhere, every metropolis in the macrocosm requires a tendency for this sector and some G.K. a nice presentable personality a good team work meet n ew and new people, even they have something in common they want a personal touch good prospect when in the higher position recruit new people and train them blend in with similar people like event management etc, dont be driven away by the limelights and glamours change to others for better paysDisadvantagesThe time factor is maybe the biggest drawback to creating a blog. Blogs are easy to start but difficult to maintain. produce a good blog takes a significant amount of time. Of course, makeup takes the closely time, but you must also allow time for interacting with your readers.Related to the time factor is the risk of publishing a blog that damages your brands reputation. Fortunately, you can hedge against this by creating publishing guidelines for yourself and whoever is involved with the blog. On the other hand, it can be very dangerous to open your door to strangers for obvious reasons. For those of you who are guileless in your ways, I shall enlighten you to the ways o f those that could prove to be a major threat to you if you are a hospitable, good natured person. such people cannot wait on but take advantage of those who are defenceless to them.Answer Question 2Find out the factors that affecting motivity and tourism. Explain in detail.Answer Question 2Tour operators can be defined as providers and organizers of package holidays. They normally operate by making contracts with transport companies, airlines and hoteliers. After getting the contracts, they advertise assembled holidays. Travel agents are concerned with booking and advising customers. Travel agencies also sell travel tie in services and products to customers. They do this on behalf of tour companies, hotels, and airlines. Travel agents also deal with local tourists. They carry out travel arrangements for travelers. There are different types of travel agencies they include Independent agencies, Miniples and Multiples. Tour operators and travel agents have proceed to be dominant in the tourism sector. There are say-so threats to travel agents to and tour operators especially in the hospitality and tourism sector. A close analysis to the travel and tourism industry shows that one of the potential threats to tour operators and travel agents is change in laws and policies. There are laws and policies that travel agents have to adhere to in carrying out their tasks. Every nation has got rules, laws, regulations, policies that now affect tour guides. There is normally potential threat to tour operators when embassies give advisory policies to citizens not to travel due to factors like terrorist act and bombing. When an embassy changes or advises citizens not to travel to a country due to diverse reasons, this becomes a threat to them because citizens normally adhere to such advice. It results to decrease in tourists and therefore their business actually slows down. Travel guides and tour operators normally help tourists to locate good hotels and tourist sit es in the country. There are ever so instances when travel guides help tourists in locating such services but in the long run the tourists do not receive timbre services. Tourists always communicate one to another and therefore this becomes bad publicity. culminationCultural heritage is the essence of tourism in many stopping point areas worldwide. Every year, millions of people travel to view the Acropolis of Athens, the Colosseum in Rome and many other historic sites of international renown. These sites are of general interest to visitors, even though the visitors probably have no significant ties to the heritage sites that they visit. Although world heritage attractions draw large numbers of international and domestic tourists, for most foreign tourists these sites consist only a small part of a more extensive travel package. These attractions can evoke feelings of admiration, but they probably do not evoke feelings of personal attachment. Visits to historic sites are more o ften than not motivated by the belief that such places (and the objects at these places) are united to the remote past. In addition, millions of other people engage in travel to experience heritage of a more personal nature most of the world s historic sites are not internationally know and only relatively few ever attract international tourists, invite out perhaps in combination with other relevant attractions. For every world renowned cultural attraction, there are hundreds of other not noted sites that are appreciated at a more local basis.