Cultural Studies Essays Culture Food and Eating

Cultural Studies Essays Culture Food and Eating Culture, Food and Eating It has been argued that changes inwhat has been cooked, when, where and by whom are a function of other featureswithin the food economy and will have considerable social, economic and healthconsequences. (LangCaraher, 20010) This essay will discuss the changein relation to culture, food and eating by firstly acknowledging that food, cookingand eating have traditionally been seen principally as the womans role insociety. As this is of high significance in examining the consequences ofchange, it will therefore be examined from the assumption that our society isbuilt upon a patriarchal system which underpins our culture to this presentday. In addition through the yearsmodernity has brought about change in production and consumption which has rapidlytransformed the way in which we approach food and eating. Technology has takena great leap forward in how we cook and eat food. Globalisation has allowed forfood to be shipped around the planet at whim and for food trends to travelacross the world. Traditions are changing as people move from country tocountry bringing food from different cultures into the home and marketplace. In all cultures food is imbued withmeaning, it is a currency in society. Food can nourish, entertain and givepleasure. It can also be a source of political conflict for example governmenthealth warnings or arguments around vegetarianism. Not enough food causesextreme problems and at the other end of the scale too much food can be fatal. Someof these issues will be considered when examining the issues around change insocietys approach to food. The Extent of Change in Relationto Cooking In the past cooking and buying offood were traditionally seen as the womans role and what was eaten wasdictated by the seasonal food available and the amount of money people had tospend on food. In assessing the extent of change it could be identified as the physicaland social aspect. Miller and McHoul (1998,p.33) proposethat the physical covers geography, seasons, and economics and that the socialcovers religion, custom, class, health education, advertising, age, gender, andrace. They also recognise the importance of the physiological, which deals withgenes, allergies, diets, needs, and biochemical reaction. In the past thiswould have been seen as the sphere of experts but in our information rich,self obsessed society this could be a significant factor in cultural changetowards food and cooking and is one that cannot be overlooked. Cooking skills were customarilypassed on through families usually from mothers to daughters. In the past themen were the breadwinners while the women stayed at home and looked after thehome, a patriarchal concept modelled on the aspiring middle classes of thetime. Although times have changed and most women now work, the notion that foodand cooking are the womans domain still prevails. This has an effect on what haschanged or is changing in food matters. Tansey and Worsley (1995, p.144) acknowledgethat most of the burden of domestic work still falls on women. The fact thatthey go to work and do the housework is having remarkable effects on the foodindustry. It has created opportunities for them to produce what Tansey andWorsley describe as labour-saving and ego-protecting products. This has ledto a change in shopping, cooking and eating that would have been unimaginable ageneration ago. Availability of food from all overthe world combined with new ways of cooking has altered the way in which weconsume our food. Refrigeration, freezing and microwaving are examples ofpractical ways in which shopping and cooking has changed. Globalisation has madea large contribution, one aspect relevant to this assessment is a post-modernphenomenon termed McDonaldization by George Ritzer in 1996 which has causedmuch debate. Concerns that mass culture is creating a homogenous world whereeverything will become levelled out is deliberated by many theorists of postmodern culture. But at what point do individualschange their behaviour and attitudes to food? Miller and McHoul (1998,p.33) gosome way towards identifying what could be central to how change takes place inwhat, why, where and by whom food is cooked. They suggest that food stands atthe gateway of nature and culture and involves choice at the point where the biologicalgiven hunger meets and becomes indistinguishable from a cultural marker appetite. There are many ways in which appetite can be influenced in todayssociety which will in turn have a bearing on the key forces driving change. Someof these will be looked at in the next section. Key forces driving change With responsibility for everydaycooking taken by women for almost eighty per cent of the time compared withtwenty-five per cent of men (LangCaraher 2001, p.9), it is no surprisethat the food industry target women. Marketing of food products can be seen asone of the key forces driving change in the way in which we cook and eat. Therange of advertisements bombarding us can feature anything from foodingredients, ready made convenience foods, to fast food outlets andrestaurants. As consumers we are offered a staggering choice to satisfy ourappetites. One of the reasons women are seenas so important to the marketers is that they are seen as both consumers andproducers. Rather than simple consumer demand, Lury (1996, p.44) suggests thatthere are a number of different cycles of production and consumption involvedbefore final enjoyment of a meal. She comments Consumer demand can thus beseen as to be mediated by the state and/or the social relations of thehousehold or domestic mode of production This highlights the fact that foodis not a simple commodity with a one way relationship between production andconsumption. It could be argued that, particularly with food, it cannot beassumed that consumers are passive and that consumption can be taken forgranted even though we clearly will always need food. Rather it emphasises thefact that consumption itself is a socially organised set of practices. Lury illustrates this with a quotefrom Appadurai: Demand emerges as a function ofa variety of social practices and classifications, rather than a mysteriousemanation of human needs, a mechanical response to social manipulation (as inone model of the effects of advertising in our own society), or the narrowingdown of a universal and voracious desire for objects to whatever happens to beavailable. Critics of the food industry mayargue that we are being socially manipulated by being force fed over-processedfoods which are bad for our health. However, it must be recognised that theindustry has grown in response to social change such as new working patterns,the rise of single households, and a highly stressed society eating on thehoof. With more single households and families not eating together the foodindustry has provided us with ready made meals to suit our lifestyles. Nevertheless there are many issuessurrounding the food industry which have given cause for concern. The way inwhich food and ingredients are manufactured has resulted in worries aboutimbalance in world economies with cheap food from around the world. Healthscares such as BSE and salmonella in the food chain, fats and additives causingobesity and diabetes are just some of the current arguments. Lang and Caraher(p.10) contend thatfrom the available evidence .. large food retailers are not just respondingto a cultural change, but are using market levers to suit their own agendaswith little thought for longer-term public health outcomes. It has nowbecome so apparent that there is a crisis regarding health, and childrenshealth in particular, that the government has launched a variety of campaignsto persuade the public to eat healthily. This also includes putting pressure onmanufacturers. It could be maintained that given the shocking statistics onhealth, the State is destined to become a key force for driving change in thefuture. The Significance of Change As already identified, concernsover the health of the nation is one of the biggest issues in society at themoment. It has been said that if this trend continues we are the firstgeneration where parents are expected to outlive their children. While cookingis purported to be on the decline for younger people, it is argued that as anation we know more about diet and nutrition than ever before. If the number oftelevision programmes and magazines on food and health can be taken as evidenceof this it would seem it is true. It is clear that our relationshipwith food has changed drastically in recent years, and can be argued that it isa post-modern problem, one of the most visible areas being the explosion of thediet industry. An article in the Observer Food Magazine (March 2005, p.17)considers the latest trend in dieting and why we feel the need to follow adiet. One theory is that it is the sheer abundance of food has changed us intoa nation of nearly 13 million diet addicts. Dr Andrew Hill, senior lecturer inbehavioural studies contends: It is only in the lastmicro-second of human evolution that we have become surrounded by a sea ofcalories. Weve become international, non-seasonal feeders and for anincreasing proportion of people, this represents a challenge. We simply donthave the psychological controls to cope. Our biological system is tilted infavour of over-consumption This and other issues around foodhave brought it into the public eye and inevitably become a matter ofgovernment policy. Tansey and Worsley (p.214) point to five areas with whichthe conventional economic approach to policy concerns itself; efficiency,growth, stability, sustainability, equity. They demonstrate how important foodpolicy is with a quote from John McInerney: Food is an exceptionallypolitical commodity the idea of there being a COLLECTIVE wellbeing inaddition to an individual one will lead to an array of policy actions designedto protect or foster the interests of the weak and vulnerable, referee theinteractions both within and between groups all along the food chain, insulateone group from the actions of others, and redistribute the benefits to achievea more equitable pattern than the market system can manage on its own. With health at the top of thepolitical agenda for any government it could be anticipated that policy willchange the way we approach food. While the government lobbies the food industryand bombards us with the latest health campaign they could expect some results.But when it comes back down to individuals who will implement this in the home?Yet again the burden will fall on the shoulders of women as Guardians of thefamilys health. Conclusion There are many factors involved inthe change in our attitude to food, cooking and eating, of which only a fewhave been discussed in this essay. One thing that remains constant is that westill view our society through the lens of patriarchy therefore, whetherconsciously or unconsciously rely on gender stereotypes of the mother as thenurturer. While this is still largely true the last twenty or thirty years haveproved that the feminist ideals of women being able to have it all has notlived up to its promise. Women have had to rely on a flourishing food industryto help them cope with the domestic load as well as going to work outside thehome. While this has been celebrated by many women as releasing them from thekitchen and allowing them to have a career of their own, it becomes clear thatsociety has not been able to offer any real alternative to womens unpaid workin the home. The concern we have at present withfood, health, and eating has evolved as a consequence of new social patterns,globalisation, marketing, industry and state policy. As a society we must askourselves whether culturally we still put the responsibility for these issuesat the feet of women on the basic level that as the nurturers they areletting down their families. If that is so it then it is not until eachindividual takes responsibility for their own approach to food that things willchange for the better. BIBLIOGRAPHY Miller, T McHoul, A 1998, PopularCulture and Everyday Life Tansey, G Worsley, T 1995, TheFood System, a Guide Lang, T Caraher M, 2001, IsThere a Culinary Skills Transition? Data and debate from the UK about changes in cooking culture, Journal of the HEIA, Vol 8, No 2, 2001 Lury, Celia 1996, ConsumerCulture Observer Food Magazine, March 2005,Do the Science, The Observer 13/3/05

Pollution and Environment Essay - We Must Act Now to Solve the Problem

We Must Act Now to Solve the Problem of Overpopulation      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1804 for the first time in the history of humanity more than one billion people were living on Earth. Then in 1927, 123 years later, the Earth's population surpassed two billion. Another billion was added by 1960, another in 1974, and another-bringing the total to over five billion-in 1987. Estimates are that the Earth's population will surpass six billion in 1999 and reach nine billion people in the year 2054-250 years after first reaching one billion.[1] Traditionally the historically slow increase in population has been attributed to limits on agriculture. Modern analysis of population growth, however, indicates that the primary restriction has been disease. The control of disease and the resulting decline mortality has not always been accompanied by a declining rate of fertility. This has resulted in the huge increase in human population. The rapid increase in the number of humans living on Earth will undoubtedly cause changes in the individual lives of men. T hough the changes will not be as drastic as some authors predict, the changes humans introduce to the Earth's environment must be addressed and fully understood.    Those who believe that man is reproducing himself into destruction are quick to point out that greater numbers of men result in a greater strain on the Earth's resources. In the book A Green History of the World: The Environment and the Collapse of Great Civilizations Clive Ponting claims that humans are doing irreparable damage to the Earth and as population continues to increase this damage will continue. Ponting claims that this increase of population, what he terms the weight of numbers, will lead to the eventual destruction of ... ...and Birth Control, Ed. Garret Hardin. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1969, 107-9. [6] J.H. Fremlin, "How Many People Can the World Support?," New Scientist 415 (1964): 285-7, Rpt. in Population, Evolution, and Birth Control, Ed. Garret Hardin, San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1969, 59-66. [7] Robert Thomas Malthus, "An Essay on the Principle of Population," 1798, Population, Evolution, and Birth Control, Ed. Garret Hardin, San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1969, 4-16. [8] Ian Thomas, Population Growth, London: MacMillan Education, Ltd., 1980, 11. [9] United Nations Population Division [10] Robert Livernash, "The Future of Populous Economies China and India Shape Their Destinies," Environment 37.6 (1995): 6-32. [11] A.J. McMichael,   "Contemplating a One Child World," British Medical Journal 311.7021 (1995): 1651-3.   

Energy Policy in Canada

Each day millions of tons of fossil fuels are being consumed by the world. As most people already energy is the basis of industrial civilization; without energy, modern life would cease to exist. Presently, fossil fuels make up a large portion of present day energy sources. Canada, one of the world's largest industrialized nations uses an abundance energy to support its ever growing society. However, the population of Canada is slowly growing each day and with that the closer demise of fossil fuels. For this reason Canada has implemented an energy policy which in turn is to establish guidelines and standards. In Canada, natural resource ownership is largely controlled by the various national provinces, which are allowed to legislate in the areas of resource development, production control, taxation, and resource extraction. Provincial governments have major responsibility for both the management of resources and environmental protection within their boundaries. The provinces are assisted in varying degrees by private companies in the exploration, development and distribution of natural resources. Because so much of Canadian energy policy lies outside of federal jurisdiction, strategic partnerships and linkages among provinces themselves and between provinces and the government are very important. In many cases, these take the form of shared commitments to provincial and territorial energy programs, building codes, environmental goals, and efficiency targets. However, the government's resolve n environmental issues is still being questioned, however, due to a sharp debate over the matter of legislative versus voluntary measures on climate change For this reason it can be stated that Canada's energy policy has some good policies but is still greatly flawed. Moreover, it is essential that alternatives to hazardous fossil fuels are found and efficiently implemented before the demise of fossil fuels is soon a reality. Also it is imperative that people of the world learn to conserve and prevent further abuse of fossil fuels.

Free Essays on The Road Not Taken

Life, Decisions and Consequences The writer Robert Frost in the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† emphasizes how the life has its own surprises and uncertainties and its own up and downs. Frost can be the speaker in this poem. He has to take a life decision, â€Å" Two road diverged in a yellow wood† the road represents the journey of our lives. No one knows where the road will lead us or what the future will bring us. There are many decision that might we have to take, we try to predict and wonder what is the wisest decision to be made. But there are pros and cows in any specific choice that we have to make. Sometimes we succeed and we make the right decision and some other times we fail to successful in the decision that we make. Is the dilemma that makes our life interesting and worth living. Because if one knows what everyday would bring than life could have no meaning. If we do not succeed, we pay for the consequences but we also learn from those experiences and in this way we can challenge and be stronger to face other difficulties of life. Frost tries to show this by describing the road that â€Å"it was grassy and wanted wear† where the grassy means the road that most of the people had not walk and â€Å"wanted wear† was one of his desire to discover the unknown. It was the one that he will chose and start exploring on something new. The speaker’s eyes try to see â€Å"the undergrowth† wondering if he can see which route to take but he cannot because his eyes can not see so far. He tries but is difficult to understand which route he should take. He thinks if he should take the common route or the other one that not to many people took. He is in dilemma because all his life depends on his decision. The man thinks on negative way for the two routs but at the same time he seems undecided and scared if he is not going to take the right decision and if will be the right one. â€Å"Two roads in the wood† represent th... Free Essays on The Road Not Taken Free Essays on The Road Not Taken â€Å"The Road Not Taken† By: Robert Frost In the â€Å"Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost, up until the last stanza the poem appeared to be concerning only on the choice between two roads in a woods. The final stanza, however, gave a significance to the apparent choice that was incompatible with just the choice between two roads in a woods because this seemingly insignificant choice ended up â€Å"making all the difference.† Many times in life people are faced with choices to make that, at the time, seem insignificant, although, in the long run prove to have made a great impact on their life’s course. I, myself, have experienced this very situation more than once- one of which being whether to attend college or to go to work. At the time this seemed to be just a choice, only now, four years later, am I seeing the significance of making the choice I did. When I was graduating from High School I was faced with the decision of whether to attend college and make a career choice or to just join the work force and become independent. Only a couple of people in my family had gone to college, and only one actually got a degree- the rest went to work. It seemed to me that going to college would be much harder, however, would yield higher results. At which time, I decided to pursue a college degree. In High School I had concentrated on medical studies, which I decided to follow up with in college. I soon saw that this was something I was interested in, however, not what I wanted to spend my career doing. I took some time off from school to work and to see just what the difference would be had I decided not to continue with pursuing a degree. In applying for positions, I immediately saw the benefit of continuing my education. Not only does having a degree give you a competitive edge when you do venture out into the working world, i.e., better jobs are available for you, it is easier to climb the ladder to higher positions, the pay... Free Essays on The Road Not Taken In Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken there are many things that can be interpreted several ways. This is my interpretation. Frost begins the poem by describing two roads diverging in a yellow wood. The two roads represent a decision. Do you travel one journey or the other? The yellow wood to me means that it is getting towards the autumn of the day. Meaning that the decision can’t be put off much longer. He then describes being sorry he could not travel both. We often have decision that we would like to do both things or travel both roads. But in the next line Frost says being one traveler long I stood. One person can not be in two places or follow two paths. It is usually not clear which path we should follow or which decision is the correct one. Since the decision is not easy the traveler stands for a long time. We often think about our decisions for a long time, making sure it is the correct one. Because as the traveler knows we can not turn back. Once the path is taken, we are on it until the end. He looks down one as far as he can see until he is unable to see the path for its turns and ben ds. In life we can look ahead to the immediate results of our decisions but usually can not see very far. We do not know what lies ahead around that next curve or bend. The traveler studies the second path as well, studying all possible decisions closely. The second path appears to be slightly less used. The path is grown up with grass and has not had as much wear as the other. Both paths appear appealing to him even though one is in better condition. He gives a little foreshadowing of his ultimate decisions by telling us that the second, grassier, path has the better claim. The second path upon his seeing it immediately has his eye. When he studies it more he says that really they are pretty much worn the same. When we make hard decisions we often jump back and forth between the choices at hand. We find good things and bad in all choi... Free Essays on The Road Not Taken â€Å"The Road Not Taken† In Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken,† the speaker stands in the woods, considering a split in the road. Both ways are similarly worn, and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves. The speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day. Yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the chance to do so. And he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: he will claim that he took the less-traveled road. The whole poem is an extended metaphor, where Frost describes a path in the woods that is directly comparable to a major decision in life. In this case, the narrator is â€Å"lost† in the poem, both on the trail, and in his life. "The Road Not Taken" consists of four stanzas of five lines each having an identical rhyme scheme of ABAAB. The first, third, and fourth lines in every stanza rhyme, along with the second and fifth lines. Thus, allowing the poem to flow at a smoother and steadier pace. There are four stressed syllables per line, forming an iambic tetrameter base. The majority of the lines contain nine syllables. This structure is maintained through out the poem. The stanzas are arranged like that of a thought. One continues to undermine the other, much like decision making. Our first thoughts are always second-guessed by our second and so forth until we make our final decision, which cancels out all that was thought before. This is what Frost manages to do in the arrangement of his stanzas. Imagery is the primary concept of this work thus being the means used by Frost to transmit the poems message. The two roads are each described in such a way that the reader can easy picture the dilemma faced by the traveler. Image is so precise that we can picture the first road bending to the right while the other bends in the opposite direction. In the first stanza, (line 1) Frost introduces the elements of his primary metaphor: the diver... Free Essays on The Road Not Taken The Road Not Taken I decided to do â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost. When people read the poem without any other interpretation or knowledge of it the most popular interpretation is that Frost is talking about his own life in this poem. I was convinced that was the case until I decided to do this paper. I will be focusing on what appears to be very obvious in the poem but after looking a little deeper is untrue. That portion I am talking about is the sigh in the fourth stanza of the poem. A simple sigh out of someone’s mouth could be interpreted many ways. It could be tension, a thought, or just exhaling from a deep breath. In the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, by Robert Frost, many argue as to what the ‘sigh’ towards the end of the poem actually means. Some think it is a shift of tone in the poem, others say that it signifies that he is unhappy about the road that he has taken in his life. Little do they know, they are all very wrong. In fact, the poem is not written about Frost at all. This shows the simple ways that a poem can easily be misinterpreted. The history of why a poem was written can dramatically change the meaning of a poem and the way that it is read. Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is a great example. The literal meaning of this poem by Robert Frost is pretty obvious. A traveler comes to a fork in the road and needs to decide which way to go to continue his journey. After much thought, the traveler picks the road "less traveled by." The poem describes the tough choices people make when traveling the road of life. The traveler regrets leaving the road he has already passed by and realizes that he probably won’t travel that same way again. I’m sure many of us could compare similar instances in their own lives to the one Frost describes in the poem. Robert Frost began writing â€Å"The Road Not Taken† in England in 1914, and completed it in Franconia before his first publ... Free Essays on The Road Not Taken Life, Decisions and Consequences The writer Robert Frost in the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† emphasizes how the life has its own surprises and uncertainties and its own up and downs. Frost can be the speaker in this poem. He has to take a life decision, â€Å" Two road diverged in a yellow wood† the road represents the journey of our lives. No one knows where the road will lead us or what the future will bring us. There are many decision that might we have to take, we try to predict and wonder what is the wisest decision to be made. But there are pros and cows in any specific choice that we have to make. Sometimes we succeed and we make the right decision and some other times we fail to successful in the decision that we make. Is the dilemma that makes our life interesting and worth living. Because if one knows what everyday would bring than life could have no meaning. If we do not succeed, we pay for the consequences but we also learn from those experiences and in this way we can challenge and be stronger to face other difficulties of life. Frost tries to show this by describing the road that â€Å"it was grassy and wanted wear† where the grassy means the road that most of the people had not walk and â€Å"wanted wear† was one of his desire to discover the unknown. It was the one that he will chose and start exploring on something new. The speaker’s eyes try to see â€Å"the undergrowth† wondering if he can see which route to take but he cannot because his eyes can not see so far. He tries but is difficult to understand which route he should take. He thinks if he should take the common route or the other one that not to many people took. He is in dilemma because all his life depends on his decision. The man thinks on negative way for the two routs but at the same time he seems undecided and scared if he is not going to take the right decision and if will be the right one. â€Å"Two roads in the wood† represent th...

Defense Mechanisms Animals Use to Survive

Defense Mechanisms Animals Use to Survive Defense mechanisms are very important to all animal life. Animals in every biome must eat to survive. With predators being high on the food chain and always on the lookout for a meal, prey must constantly avoid being eaten. Adaptations that prey employ adds to the chances of survival for the species. Some of these adaptations include defense mechanisms that can give  prey an advantage against their enemies. There are several ways animals avoid falling prey to a predator. One way is very direct and comes naturally. Imagine you are a rabbit and you have just noticed a fox preparing to attack. What would be your initial response? Right, youd run. Animals can use speed as a very effective means of escaping predators. Remember, you cant eat what you cant catch! Camouflage Another defense mechanism is camouflage or protective coloration. One form, cryptic coloration, allows the animal to blend in with its environment and to mask its identity. Cryptic coloration is important to the survival of many new-born and young animals, as it is often their main defense against being detected by predators. Some animals blend in so well with their environment that it is very difficult to identify them. For example, some insects and other animals can look like leaves; both in their visual appearance and their behavior. It is important to note that predators also use cryptic coloration to avoid detection by unsuspecting prey. Playing Dead When faced with danger, some animals pretend to be dead. This type of adaption is known as thanatosis. Opossums and snakes can even emit a fluid that produces a foul smell, thus adding to the pretense. Such behavior tricks predators into thinking that the animal is dead. Since most predators avoid dead or rotting animals, this type of defense mechanism is often very effective. Trickery Trickery can also be used as a formidable defense. False features that appear to be enormous eyes or appendages can serve to dissuade potential predators. Mimicking an animal that is dangerous to a predator is another effective means of avoiding being eaten. For example, some harmless snakes have bright warning colors that resemble the colors of dangerously venomous snakes. Warning calls can also be used by one animal species to trick another animal species. The African fork-tailed drongo bird has been known to mimic meerkat warning calls when meerkats are eating their prey. The alarm causes the meerkats to flee, leaving their abandoned meal for the drongo to finish. Physical Features Physical anatomical structures can also serve as a type of defense mechanism. Some animals physical features make them very undesirable meals. Porcupines, for example, make a very difficult meal for predators because of their extremely sharp quills. Similarly, predators would have a tough time trying to get to a turtle through its protective shell. Chemical Features Chemical features can be just as effective at deterring predators. We all know the hazards of scaring a skunk! The chemicals released result in a not so pleasant aroma that an attacker will never forget. The dart frog also uses chemicals (poisons secreted from its skin) to deter attackers. Any animals that eat these small frogs are likely to get very sick or die. Warning Calls Some animals sound the alarm when danger approaches. For example, oxpeckers (birds that live in mutualistic relationships with grazing animals) will give a loud warning call when predators get too close. African elephants emit a rumbling alarm call when they hear the sound of African bees. Animals can also give distinctive calls to identify the type of threat. For instance, monkeys have one alarm sound for leopards and a different sound for eagles. Predator-Prey Relationship To sum it all up, the predator-prey relationship is important to maintaining balance among different animal species. Adaptations that are beneficial to prey, such as chemical and physical defenses, ensure that the species will survive. At the same time, predators must undergo certain adaptive changes to make finding and capturing prey less difficult. Without predators, certain species of prey would drive other species to extinction through competition. Without prey, there would be no predators. The animal organisms in such an environment could become endangered or even extinct. The  predator-prey relationship ensures that the cycle of nutrients in biomes continues. Thus, this relationship is vital to the existence of life as we know it.

American Military English Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American Military English - Assignment Example 1. Students will view the animated graphics. 2. He will ask the participants to identify the different symbols. 2. Participants will give the name of the different symbols. 3. Participants will give the meaning of each alphabet which was presented in the computer monitor. 3. Students will boot the computer and open the HyperStudio presentations. 4. He will ask the participants to give the meaning based on military operations settings 4. Let them give the meaning. 5. The teacher will ask the participants to give the proper sound of each alphabet with assigned meaning. 5. Participants will pronounce the words presented on the monitor. 6. He will allow the participants to view the movie for familiarizations of sounds (Pronunciation). 6. The participants will view and listen to the movie. 7. The teacher will ask the participants to view the new animation and read the alphabet symbols with the assigned word. 7. The participants view the animations and read the alphabet symbols with the assigned word. 8. The teacher will ask the participants to spell out the symbols of the English alphabet with word meaning. 8. Participants will enumerate the symbols of the English alphabet with word meaning. 9. The teacher will ask the participants if they usually encountered the word meaning in every operation. 9. Participants will explain their previous experience with alphabet symbols with the assigned word. 10. The teacher will ask the participants to try out different animation and graphics 10. Let them do another designed animations. VII. Evaluation: A. Give at least five different symbols of the English alphabet with word meaning you encountered in the discussions. 1. _______________________ 4. _______________________ 2....This can further be enhanced with the use of HyperStudio which is a multimedia software program system using McIntosh computers. The delivery of the lesson requires having a copy of HyperStudio and tutorial running simultaneously on a preferable McIntosh computer system. This will allow receipt of help from McIntosh when assistance is necessary.1 The "Table of Contents," located at the left of this page, allow you to skip those parts of the program that you already feel comfortable with. If you already understand how to insert text into a Word document you do not need to waste your time reading how to do it again here. For those of you that would like to take this tutorial step by step, there is a "Next" button at the end of every page that will take you to the next page in the tutorial. Good luck, have fun, and most of all, do not be afraid to explore HyperStudio. We have covered most of the basics for creating effective hyperlinked presentations, but we do not have space to cover all of the wonderful tools thatHyperStudio comes with. Try new buttons and shortcuts to see what happens. A new stack in HyperStudio is akin to a stack of index cards. Your presentation will be a "stack" of these index cards placed one on top of the next. A stack is the entire presentation, made up of those cards. The first step in getting HyperStudio rea

Lewin's Model of Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lewin's Model of Change - Essay Example It is also comprehensive and relevant that it has not required revisions – unlike others – to remain relevant to its subject. The major concepts of this theory are unfreeze, change, and refreeze (freeze) (Gerth, 2013). This stage comprises readying the organization to acknowledge that change is inevitable. Preparation involves dislodging the existing status quo before starting to construct a new strategy of operating (Gerth, 2013). Crucial to this is creating a powerful message demonstrating why the status quo cannot continue. This is the most convenient to develop when the organization can attest to declining revenue, worrying client satisfaction surveys, poor financial results, etc. These indicate that things must change in a way that all stakeholders can understand (Schunk & Meece, 2014). Successful preparation of the organization requires starting at its core – the people in charge of driving the change should confront the notions, values, behaviors and attitudes that presently define it. After the risk created in the unfreeze phase, the change phase is where the organization starts resolving its risk and looking for new approaches to doing things. People start behaving and believing in ways that back the new dimension. The shift from the unfreeze stage to this phase does not occur overnight (Schunk & Meece, 2014). Employees take time to accept the new dimension and proactively participate in the transition. The Change Curve, an affiliate change model, concentrates on the specific concern of personal changes in a dynamic environment and is appropriate for comprehending this particular issue more comprehensively (Schunk & Meece, 2014). As the changes happen and people have accepted the new methods of working, the organization is primed for refreezing (Schunk & Meece, 2014). The superficial signs of this phase are a stable company chart, uniform job descriptions, etc. The refreeze phase should also