The Good and Bad of Audi Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Good and Bad of Audi - Case Study ExampleThe founders then moved to Ingolstadt in Bavaria and formed the auto Union in 1949, with loans from the Bavarian state government and Marshall Plan aid.In 1969 Audi Union merged with the worlds largest motorcycle producer, NSU - the company was now know as Audi NSU Auto Union AG. Audi emerged as a separate brand. Then Volkswagen introduced Audi 1970 models to the United States.Nowadays Audi is a global developer and producer of high note cars with production sites in Germany, Hungary, China, Belgium and India. In 2008, Audi sold a total of 1,003,000 cars, setting up a record for the thirteenth consecutive year.Audi is a premium share of the Volkswagen Group and it is interesting to note that technologies are first introduced into the mass market in Audi vehicles. Thereafter they conveyed to the more value oriented brands such as Volkswagen, empower and Skoda.Audi is aware of the fact that consumers do not buy cars for rational reasons. Therefore, Audi moved ahead as a serious competitor in the global luxury segment in the early 1990s and now offers a wide variety of premium vehicles, the most famous of which is the Audi TT, launched in 1999. This car was designed for wad with passion.There were other Audi models that appealed to the emotions, like the Audi A8, which was launched in 2003. In 2004 Audi launched the S4 convertible with a soft top and a 4.2 litre V8 engine for outstanding performance.The Audi A6 was also launched in 2004 and was extremely competitive in the executive segment.A more recent technology introduced by Audi is that of the Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI) engines and the quick shifting dual-clutch gearbox (DSG). Currently, Audi is launching the most efficient standard sized sedan, the A4 2.0 TDT e with fuel consumption of 4.6 litres per 100 km and a carbon dioxide exhaust expelling of 119 grams per hundred kilometers. This sedan features stop/start technology and a brake recovery energy s ystem and comes with low resistance tires. QUALITY PROBLEMSIn 2003 and 2004 the Volkswagen separate ordered massive recalls involving various brands. One of these cases was a recall of 850,000 vehicles of VW, Audi, Skoda and Seat with 1.8 litre turbo engines, V5, V6 and V8

Ozone hole Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Ozone hole - Essay ExampleThis point does absorb 97 percent to 99 percent of the high-frequency ultraviolet light of the temperateness which can be possibly destructive to the life on earth. More that 90 percent of the ozone inside the earths atmosp here(predicate) is existing here comparatively high meaning several parts/million- considerably higher than concentrations within the lower atmosphere, however, s trough lesser compared to the key atmospheric components. Its location is rough 15 to 35 km above the surface of the earth in the hemispheres lower portion (Charles, 2014). This thickness varies geographically as well as seasonally.As mentioned earlier, prevents disastrous destruction of the life on earth through absorption of the harmful incoming suns ultraviolet (UV) potion hence minimizing this lights amount that reaches the surface of the earth (Paul, 2009). Such natural sunlight buffering is quite advantageous since the ultraviolet light of high energy is capable of pene trating top(prenominal) skin layers.as a result, cells might end up damaged which is explained through sunburn as well as more threateningly, genetic material which resides within every cell (DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid) destruction. Damage of some DNA within skin cells by such ultraviolet light is associated with certain cancers development.Observation of the ozone house has for a long time been done with great seriousness. Images of satellite offer observers the ozones every day images over Antarctic region (Enviromental Protection Agency, 2010). The winter population of humans of the Antarctic comprise of researchers in several hundreds. These researchers get protection from the UV light which has increased from warm winter clothing, hence the ozone layer health effect concerns are minimal. The ozone holes existence as well as its increased size through 1990s up till 2006, the time when this hole was ever largest recorded, has come to be a great concern for researchers who stu dy human activity

Dualism by Plato and Descartes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dualism by Plato and Descartes - Assignment ExampleWhereas for Descartes, so has to be integrated with the system for it to function while Plato thought that the soul ought to be separated from the body so that it can think better. For Plato, the soul has already a pure and perfect knowledge even before the birth of the body and it is at its thinking best when it is in this condition without the distraction of everyday life. While Descartes thought the soul is necessary to animate the body, Plato thought that the soul is in its ideal condition when it is separated from the body upon death.Considering this viewpoint of Plato that the soul has already a perfect knowledge even before it was born to a body, provides valet de chambre experience with object lesson value because the soul already has this moral predisposition even before it was born into a body. Cartesian dualism provides us the confidence that this moral predisposition has its use when the soul animates the body because it provides human endeavor a sense of rectitude.

Social relationships Essay Example for Free

Social kindreds EssayEverybody would agree that friendship courses through our lives, yet its precise nature is unique for every person and, therefore, is difficult to define. Typically, friendship is purview of as a voluntary relationship. Since there atomic number 18 few formal rules or rituals sanctioning friendship in this culture, people enter and exit friendships as they choose. Further, since friendship is often fused with other social roles, marital partners, siblings, or coworkers often choose to regard one another as friends. Acknowledging that friendship is culturally recognized as transcending formal institutional requirements and statuses, Paine (1974) referred to friendship as a kind of institutionalized non-institution (p. 128). Overall, friendship is a voluntary, personal, equal, and mutual relationship with affective ties. Undoubtedly, confirming feelings, voluntary caring, and concern for the other, the touchstones of companionship, exist between friends. And while friends may feel profound love for each other, the love of friendship is usually distinguished from internal or romantic loving, with their overtones of possessiveness and exclusivity.Even so, relationships involving these latter forms of loving may also include or aspire to the ideal-typical characteristics of friendship as well. In addition to its voluntary aspect, friendship involves persons paired in the same social role (friend-friend) (Paine, 1974). This quality contrasts with other relationships, such as the marital relationship, in which partners occupy complementary roles (wife-husband). Because of friendships infixed symmetry, friends come together as equals in order to establish a relationship in which intimacy, trust, honesty, respect, and affection may thrive.Ideally, friendship offers a nonhierarchical relationship in which a person can present a self reasonably free of contrivance and ulterior motives (Suttles, 2001, p. 110). While developing and sustainin g a friendship, persons must(prenominal) assume that the other is presenting his or her true self if the friendship is to flourish. Reflecting its voluntary and rather fluid status in the social world, friendship is a individual(a) relationship created via the friends ongoing negotiation of the friendships rules of behavior (Paine, 1974 ). companionships argon thus self-managed(Wiseman, 2006, p. 192) since specific friendship practices are not mandated by formal societal rules in American culture. Friends are free to create their own private and personal culture. But this freedom is also dangerous, for the persistence of the relationship utterly depends on the friends actions, values, and motives. Thus, friendship is arguably the most fragile social bond. Wiseman (2006) states that if friendship loses the qualities which make for the extraordinary closeness combined with the voluntariness it encourages, it chances loss of all.There is no standard role or toil around which the re lationship can re-form and no societal mechanism is activated to ensure or even encourage reconciliation. (p. 192) Although the precise behavioral parameters of friendship are not institutionalized in American society to the degree that romantic, professional, political, or kin relationships are, there are some versed rules of conduct and cultural images channelise the practices of friendship. These rules pertained to keeping confidences, respecting the others privacy, and assisting the other in times of need.The culturally idealized images of friendship and the informal friendship rules offer persons ways of practicing friendship, for those images and rules frame the everyday enactment of friendship. The interactions of friends are understood to a significant degree in light of what it means to be a friend in a particular society. Idealized images and informal rules may also guide the perceptions of observers, for, when questioned about their friendship, friends may point to thes e cultural images of friendship or to the rules of friendship behavior to validate their relationship.References Paine R. (1974). An exploratory analysis in middle-class culture. In E. Leyton (Ed. ), The compact Selected dimensions of friendship (pp. 117-137). St. Johns Institute of Social and Economic Research. Suttles G. D. (2001). Friendship as a social institution. In G. J. McCall, M. McCall , N. K. Denzin, G. D. Suttles, S. Kurth (Eds. ), Social relationships (pp. 95-135). Chicago Aldine. Wiseman J. P. (2006). Friendship Bonds and binds in a voluntary relationship. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 3, 191-211.

Cookridge Ltd Essay Example for Free

Cookridge Ltd Essay inkstand is a Public limited gild and was established in 2003, seven years ago by two of its three reckonling sh argonholders, Paul Farnon and Victoria Dawson. Two years ago Anil Gupta bought into the company and joined the board as Finance Director. The company has its head office and warehouse on the industrial estate in Birmingham, where the management team and cypher department resides, including a large central warehouse. 4.2 The condescension was set up to offer a part exchange facility online accessible 24 hours a day or physically bring them into one(a) of the 60 shops, and supplies a complete range of re-manufactured inkjet and toner cartridges through nationwide high street shops. Its main competitors are suppliers in the cartridge supplier sector in UK. Its main intimate stakeholders are itsBoard of Directors, being the investors and manager of the shaping. Employees, they are the cogitationers of the organization in discordant departments to run its operations in return for a salary. Its external stakeholders are itsSuppliers, these are the people that provide the supplies of re-manufactured inkjet and laser toner cartridge after it has been refilled. Customers that pay on funds, tack online, or buy at one of the nationwide network of shops. These customers account for 80% of Inkwell Limited revenue. Government of UK, they are interested in the manageance of the business in order to be able to collect the taxes on the profit levels. 4.4 The shareholders are still heavily involved in the day to day operations with Paul Fernon as Managing Director with 40% shares with the largest share, Victoria Dawson as Sales Director with 30% shares and Anil Gupta as Finance Director with 30% shares. A qualified accountant Alex Fox has been employed as the first member of the accountant team that reports to Michael OPayne but have direct access to the Finance Director as well. 4.5 Inkwell Limited is organized into departments a nd has an equivalent of 180 employees includingthe accounting department see Appendix on page for a structured chart. Analysis and evaluating the governanceStructure and Function5.1 The Company Accountant is Michael OPayne whos responsible for the running of the accounting department. The first member of the accounts team is Alex Fox with early(a) 5 full beat staff. 5.2 The computerized system in the head office is an unified system which is linked between the different accounting functions. While in other 60 shops they are on a stand-alone basis and info and nurture are stored separately. 5.3 The different section of the department, its staff and responsibilities General Ledger and Inventory- Michelle Labelle account clerk. liable for entering relevant data into the familiar ledger, concur financial control over companies inventories. Purchase ledger- Liana Khan accounts clerk. Responsible for liaising with suppliers and other associated proceeding. Sales ledger- Greg M orris accounts clerk. Responsible for dealing with customers and other associated transactions. Costing- Alan Cook costing technician. Responsible for dealing with input costs and other associated transactions. Payroll- Sharon defend, BA (Hons) is a military unit database and profits clerk. Responsible for preparing monthly salaries and wages for all the employees and all associated transactions and second is to maintain the personnel database. 5.4 The accounting functions in details areProcessing and save of the financial transactions of the credit customers and credit suppliers of the different sections in the accounts department. Preparation of management randomnesss on credit sales, credit bribes, costing and payroll associated returns and documents. 5.5 Michelle Labelle in the general ledger and inventory function Enters all data requiring input directly into companys bullion book and its petty cash imprest system and keep financial control over the companys inventories . If inventories situate above three days holding in any shop Michelle has to telephone and get justifications for the variance. 5.6 Liana Khan in the purchase ledger function limits sure that all suppliers invoices and credit nones are entered into theAccounts Payable Ledger, and for Subsequently arranging the payments to suppliers.5.7 Greg Morris in the sales ledger functionUses a credit reference agency to visualize that potential new credit customers have no annals of short payments. Checks any new customer who applies is always foundern a line of credit after this trial period. 5.8 Alan Cook in the costing functionUses a target costing cash advance, working out what the cost of each component such as ink or p failic, and Supplies management with the monthly basis, andAdvises management of variances from target.5.9 Sharon Ward in the payroll and personnel database function Operates the companys two payrolls prepares the pay slips from the rotas prepared by the managers fo r the staffs. The salaries staffs are paid monthly on the last working day of the month using the Bankers Automated Clearing System (BACS). 6 Review of the accounting system6.1 Record Keeping SystemA business needs an hard-hitting and manageable record guardianship system. This is why in the business environment with regulated accounting structures, it is vital that organizations have the necessary records of evidence to accommodate business operations. any transaction is electronically and manually processed to be made available. The necessity to provide access to recorded information is crucial. These are informations relating to the different accounting function, such as PurchaseSalesPayrollCash and BankingRecord keeping systems are utiliseTo better hold out the performance of the organization activities and enable better decision making all end-to-end the structure of the organization. To make sure that information is available for future or current processes, and helps al so in the improving and upgrading of the manual or computerized processes. To address any future issues that whitethorn arise internally orexternally, such as dissembler, lawsuits and other an-ethical accusations. To support the employees in the different functions of the business to be more(prenominal) streamlined, productive in the accuracy of delivering the work. Records which are processed and made available are then apply to produce other financial reports. Michelle Labelle in the general ledger and inventory function record and process the different inventory, suppliers data to make available information on SuppliersCost pricesSelling pricesProfit marginsRe-order level and quantitiesThe data is utilize to go the overall cost of inventory, purchase and how much owed to better plan for future costs. Greg Morris in the sales ledger function processes the cash, cheques and other financial data to ensure that information is available on demand for CustomersSelling pricesBad d ebtAmount customers owedThis information is utilise for different purposes such as it is used by the debt collection agency for the collections of debt. The use of computerized recording system is more efficient than paper base. This is due to because the use of paper base recording system is more likely to produce errors then having a computerized format that data is just inputted in. Using a computerized system is less costly and time consuming. 6.2 intragroup System of ControlFor an organization to have efficient and effective operation of its activities, internal system of control procedures is used by the management in place to ensure that the organization achieve its goals. This is where policies and procedures come in place to establish an internal control system to maximize the detection of lampoons and errors, and to minimize their occurrence also. Existing internal system of control in Inkwell limited areSupervision of the accounts office by a Company Accountant and Sen ior accounts member. A staff rota is prepared by the managers to ensure passable staff coverage for all the opening hours of their shops. An information technology insurance policy exists which sets out regulates relevant to securing the computer systems. The computer system throughout the company is watchword valueed. Company cheques are required for authorization by the three directors company accountant and other financial documents for approval. Reconciliation of the purchased stock against recorded inventory level. Purchases duties are segregated to minimize the risk of imposter. A credit rating agency is used to ensure that potentially new credit customers have no history of poor payments. Policy for dealing with non-payment of debt exists, and its state out the actions and procedure. Cheques and cash from customers are unplowed in office safe until it is banked. Internal control that is missing or bay window improve isCompany policies and procedures.Disciplinary measu re to breach of policy or miss conduct.Management lapse.Segregation of dutiesStaff Recruitment proceduresStaff gentility and Continual Professional Development.Restriction on accessing of computer systems.Enforcement on electronic computerize backup of financial documents.Retention and disposal of records throughout the business.Accounting standard and procedures. essay assessment.Liquidity management.Verification and checks of accounting data.List of authorized access.Checks relating to wages paid out deferred payment control system.6.3 FraudFraud is the use of deception with the plan of obtaining an advantage, avoiding an obligation or causing loss to someone else or to anorganization this is the general definition of fraud. It is an unfortunate fact of life and comes in many forms and is acknowledge as a criminal activity in many countries including UK. Possibility and opportunity of fraud within Inkwell limited is possible due to the internal control is not efficient, effi cacious, being deficient and the opportunity of fraud is there for the taking. Fraud covers a wide range of area criminal activity. Common types of fraud areTheft Dishonestly taking someone elses fitty.False accounting Dishonestly destroying, defacing, concealing or falsifying an accounting record for person-to-person gain or to cause loss to someone else. Bribery and corruption taking or giving a bribe that might influence the actions of others. fabrication Obtaining prissyty, money, services or evading liability by deception Methods that potbelly be used to detect fraudFraud can be detected by the experience manager by simple observation and through experience and also through a robust internal control system. Some suspire can include Employees acting suspiciously looking shifty and hiding paperwork Employees with higher levels of spending than you would expect from their income Employees working long hours and taking less than the sane holiday entitlement. Employees w ho have a grudge against the organization.Employees who are known to be short of money.The usage of the internet to for online sale is also at risk of fraud, since customers give Debit and Credit Cards details to pay their debts. Card fraud transaction can be detected by using Business rules. hazard and Potential areas of risk of fraud taking place are 3000 worth of a particular make of cartridge was unaccounted for during reconciliation of inventory with purchase order. Goods not appearing on the warehouse inventory record.Cash and cheques are entered manually which can be easily be subject to false accounting disorders on wages being underpaidOnly one staff operates and have access to payroll system deficiency of written instructionsComputer are not logged out and locked when not in use.No system in place for warehouse or administrative employees to record and know the time they arrive and when they leave the office The usage of debit or credit card detail by customers over the internet to pay. 6.4 work Methods and PracticesThe working methods used in Inkwell Limited areComputers are attributed to each staff whether part-time or fulltime to work on. The computer systems are run on an integrated network, with all PCs linked to two printers in the department. Every shop has PCs and printers of its own.Microsoft office excel spreadsheets is used in the accounting system for recording of the different data. All computers use Windows Vista run system and loaded with Microsoft office 2007 consisting of 80-user operating license, and one new computer loaded with keen Payroll software system to ineffectual payroll and personnel system to be run in-house. Internet access is available on every computer with Mozilla Firefox as web browser. Password is used on the computers.Large trade customers are put on a cash-with-order basis for the first three months of business. A credit reference agency is used potentially new customers have no history of sturdy credit. A ll cash and cheques are removed from the till, leaving a float of 50 cash in each for the start of the next day. Staff salaries are paid monthly using the Bankers Automated Clearing System (BACS). Prepared by the wage clerk, signed by the Company Accountant and banked on 24th of each month. The methods and executes can be improved in the followingAll 60 computers at the shops operate on a stand-alone system. exceed Spreadsheet being used for recording accounting data.Debt collection agency being used to collect bad debt is expensive. Password used for the computers.The removal of all cash and cheques, from the individual tills are notpracticed. Backing up of computerized data.6.5 formulationTraining is essential for every personnel of an organization, as it improve the ability of the staff to perform its work and therefor reducing the amount of errors and hired part time staff used to perform chores that cant be do inside the organization. This is why every staff essential get the opportunity to continue their nonrecreational development and be skilled to perform the task at hand. Inkwell Limited does not have the proper policy and systems in place to encourage employees to be enrolled in a part time or full time course, unless they take it on themselves to address the issue to the management. Benefits of cookingStaffs are updated to the accounting standard and regulations. They forget be locomoted to work and be more efficient due to possibility of a promotion or career opportunity being increased, therefor errors is reduced. Staff result be more skilled to meet the needs of the organization. Professionally regulated staff will be governed by a recognized code of ethics from a professional accountancy body. Will better know how to, manage the time to do the tasks, therefor becoming more fictile and productive. Development of an ethical approach to the work and to employers and clients, acquired by experience and training. WEAKNESSES IDENTIFIEDReco rd keeping systemNo completion of trial balance, statutory accounts as planned. Window dressing of the accounts.Transaction accounting are not done on a day to day basisAccounting record data entry is not being viewed as apriority by Michael OPayne and Anil Gupta. Having unusual entries found in the general ledger.Errors may occur in inputting data into the computer.Internal System of ControlNo proper recruitment procedures in place to hire staff that has dismiss. The existing policies are not fully followed. This includes the Computers information technology policy, with no proper password, and logging off the computer after use. A lack of internal control for detection and fraud prevention Lack of segregation of duties.No proper scheduling back up of all IT systems being followed.No proper security for the shops.No policy for Data protection.No list of authorized personnel to access certain documents.No follow up control in place to the internal controls being followed.No supervis ion is done to superintend the signing in and signing out in the business.For the 60 shops, computers run on a stand-alone system.No safeguard for the proper security procedures in place/security issues relating to debit and credit cards details over the internet (Identity theft). FraudPossibility of fraud is high this may be caused due toNothing is done to ensure working practices undergoes a proper way. Inadequate guidance on how to detect and deal with fraud.Low strong suit of security systems especially the password which does not improved each time is changed and can be guessed easily. A lack of supervision, monitoring and checks of accounting activities and records kept. Debit and Credit cards usage over the internet for customers to pay their debt can be subject to identity theft. Noncompliance to internal control.Unaccounted Cartridges worth 3500, with no record in inventory. Details of transactions being deleted in the database, relating to one-off significant payments. W orking Methods and PracticesBreach of software and user license for software in use, can bring levelheaded action against the company. No coverage or placement of professional personnel to carry out the work of absent staff. Lack of enforcement of legal requirement trough out the business and working practice is very low due to low standards Liquidity management is very poor.Lack of motivational skills from the directors of the business. No adequate physical controls to ensure the security and safe keeping of the businesses assets so that they do not go missing or are stolen. Working conditions and schedule are not respected by the Directors, having problems prioritizingwork Lack of staffs, causing over working of staffs and no coverage or placement of professional personnel to carry out the work of absent staff. Therefor agencies are hired to do the work, which is costly. Job rotation is not practiced in the organizationA required computer program needs to be attributed to these f unctions Invoicing which is carried out.Data on Excel spreadsheet is manually input.TrainingMore training is needed for operatingQuickcost systemPayroll and personal system Several teething problems experienced with the integrated payroll and personnel database. Need for education is needed forProfessional approach to work.Reliability in terms of competence.How to properly handle a secure credit and debit card transaction. RecommendationRecommendations are done following the various weaknesses identified and mentioned above. Record keeping systemThe management must ensure that the planned working schedule is followed strictly. If problems meeting the targets occur, it should be communicated to the responsible supervisors so proper action can be taken. Working schedule should be adjusted in so that the critical review of the payments and all other relating transaction are done earlier so that they dont have to window dress. Different task must be prioritized by the management, so th at conflict does not occur, were task are neglected. Accounting record data entry must be prioritized by the two organizations directors Michael OPayne and Anil Gupta. The directors must review the benefits that will be gained. Unsure that the proper records relating to the daily business transaction are entered into the general ledger. Verify the data inputted in the computer to ensure that is correct. Internal System of ControlStandard policy and guidelines of hiring staffs should be introduced, pointing out the necessary detailed document that is needed making theprocess more transparent and accepted. Staffs should be sensitized of the policies in place and know the importance of respecting them. Setting up a fraud policy which sets out the way to detect and deal with fraud, throughout the different working procedure and practice. Duties should be segregated, by setting up a system, which when combined, could lead to fraud. The existing policy should be re-enforce, so that the r ecord kept on the computers would be backed up on the server regularly to prevent loss of data instead of doing it once a day. Alarm systems should be installed for all the shops of the organization, to better protect the business assets from being stolen.Proper policy and procedures should be introduced. The Data Protection Act should be communicated to all staffs, to better protect the companys and the customer Data. A list of authorized personnel should be produced and communicated to the staffs. Staff personnel should be put in charge of corroborative that all policies in place are being followed. A logging system should be set up to have a record of who comes in the office and at what time. Such system should be monitored to ensure all staff complies. An integrated network should be set up on a server to connect the computers together with proper licensed software. Safeguards should be apply on the procedure for transaction involving debit and credit card details provided by the customers. A standard and effective Sage Accounting package should be bought to unable A standard layout of the invoices issued to customers.Enable data to be imported and exported from and to Excel spreadsheets. Enable better detection of errors in the different account ledgers. FraudTo reduce the possibility of fraud and make the internal control system fraud resistant, the various techniques should use Accounting activities should be supervised on a regular basis. The records and calculation of financial document should be sampled and checked regularly for errors. Make sure that the fraud policy which will be introduced set out the way to detect and deal with fraud, throughout the different working procedure and practice and to make any adjustment necessary. Managers of the various departments should be given areas of responsibilities and answerability to ensure that fraud is kept to a minimum. Value of a business rule management system (BRMS) approach to fraud detection can be implemented. Business rules can be usedto validate various conditions for detecting anomalies that can indicate fraud.Enables institutions to react quickly in their effort to keep pace with fraudsters. Disciplinary measures or penalties should be set up for breaking an internal control or if a staff is practicing fraudulent act. Physical security should be re-enforced, locking up valuable items away, such as cash and cheques. Set up a limit to which a financial transaction should be requiring authorization, by one or more authorized signature. This may range from petty cash or cheques over a certain amount. Doing a regular reconciliation of the accounts to the financial documents to make sure they balance and errors corrected. Management should carry out pretend Assessments as part of the of an effective internal control system. Working Methods and PracticesMake sure that all computers use license software in all the shops and departments, monitor that the license are not broken causing legal action to the organization. Adequate number of specialized staffs should be introduced for the coverage of staff that is absent. The business must comply with all relevant External regulations. Such as international accounting standards even government regulation from HMRC. This will aid in upbringing the standard of working practices. Better management of buying inventory from suppliers. Credit to customers should be reduced. The managers should undergo a management course, to learn how to better manage their business, motivate their employees through training, giving out bonuses, paying for overtime and other incentives. All assets should be recorded and proper management of the assets should be put in place, to know the life cycle. Directors should produce an effective working schedule, reducing the stress on employees. Adequate number of specialized staffs should be introduced for the coverage of staff that is absent. Produce an effective rota to unable the staff to rotate to different accounting functions in the organization. A standard and effective Sage Accounting package should be bought to unable A standard layout of the invoices issued to customers.Enable data to be imported and exported from and to Excel spreadsheets. Enable better detection of errors in the different account ledgers. TrainingMore training should be provided forQuick cost systemPayroll and personal systemTo ensure that staff has the necessary skills and knowledge to be more effective and reliable in their work, in terms of competence Staffs Training should be invested in by the management, to better handle the daily tasks. Including Debit Credit cards transactions This should include internal or external training courses for using any newly introduced accounting package. Telephone support lines made available by the software provider. Workshops on the improvement of staffs communications skills. Cost benefit analysisImprovement Recommended Cost of Time BenefitsTime s pent by manager in Training25 hours 3 25 per hourTime spent by 5 account staff25 hours 5 15 per hour entirety TRAINING COST 187518753750 The work output will be more accurate due to the raise of standard. The organization will appear more professional, more efficient, meanings fewer errors and problems. Cost of hiring new Accounting staffs 192000The different responsibilities can be segregated and work will be done faster. Setting up of computers on a network Cost of hardware Installation cost500010006000Access to data will be easier which will speed up the work and save time. New accounting Package Cost of the software Installation cost cost of training the staff 100003000350016500Many routine operations will be speeded up, save time and reduces wages bill. 9.2 To carry out a Risk assessment the management will require 2 hours per month. This will discourage and reduce the risk of fraud in the accounting system by identifying the areas of the risk of fraud and then setting up a system in place to detect any possibility of fraud and then deal with it, making the system more reliable. AppendicesSWOT AnalysisStrengthsRecord keeping systemUsing an archiving computer package to store full accounting records. Easy access to past exact copy of company accounting transactions. Sage Payroll software was loaded in the accounts department to enable the new payroll and personnel system to be in house. Excel spreadsheets are used for maintaining the inventory information. Integrated General, Accounts payable and Accounts Receivable set of ledger principal financial accounting system. Internal system of controlAn information technology policy exist which sets out rules relevant to securing the computer systems. The computer system throughout the company is password protected. A credit rating agency is used to ensure that potentially new credit customers have no history of poor payment. Value of a business rule management system (BRMS) approach to fraud detection benefi ts The performance of the rules is high enough to provide real-time detection of anomalies based on several criteria, including multiple sources, transaction values, card-use frequency, merchant and location of the charges. If implemented new detection policies can be activated in hours, instead of months, helping to reduce lost revenue and increase customer satisfaction and provides preventive in online transaction.

Say No To The Habit Of Swearing English Language Essay

Say No To The Habit Of Swearing English Language Es guessLast year , my cousin got into a fight after attending his friends party at a club . He got himself really drunk and without any intention he started verbalise . A passerby thought those rowing were referring to him and in response, he attacked my cousin . My cousin was not badly injured but he did got a small keep down on his forehead . Never would I imagine that such a thing could happen.What would you do If you were in my cousins shoes ? How would you handle this sort of situation ? Would you hold yourself by attacking him back or would you try to run away from this situation ?I piddle learnt that predicateing should never be utilise in a public whether with or without intention as we would not know what could happen .Today , I would like to persuade my audience to stop bloke starting from today .My argument contains the causes of rangeing .Before I begin , we need to understand on how swearing is being a problem to the parliamentary procedure today .Swearing is now a bad habit practiced by most teenagers. They swear regardless to the sentence , place and person . prototypical of all, swearing leaves a bad impression on the society of your behavior. How so you may ask ? Society will loose respect for you as it is a sign of bad attitude, a lack of character, immature, ignorant and a bad example. Also, it makes you unpleasant to be with and at the same time, it endangers your relationships with your friends. For example, you swore at this friend, he or she took it the handle way, and you may end up being physically or verbally attacked. Furthermore, lead to unnecessary stress on yourself.Next , I need to rationalize on what causes teenagers to practice this attitude of swearing .Have you ever wondered what causes us to swear ? Based on psychologist David McClellands theory, he identified power as one of the needs related to management behavior . At the point of teenage hood, we desire the need of power the most where we can have a spirit of control of over things to make us look tougher .For example, when we encounter a problem or threat, many times we think that using vulgar linguistic process will give us the power to have control over threats or problem greatly. We believe that we are able to control them through abusive, strong-growing and domineering speech.Other than that , teenagers are easily influenced by peer pressure by society. A common example would be the influence by your friends. We would have a couple of friends who swears all the time and the thing is that, we feel pressured because all of them that you think seems cool swears but not you .Therefore, thinking that swearing makes themselves cooler , teens abuse to fit in . Based on the survey questionnaire that I have conducted, it has proved that 80% of teenagers in Inti Subang Jaya swears. So, it is almost impossible for one to not swear if they continue to hang out with friends who do swear. They do not realize that slowly, this habit of swearing would gradually become a habit so satisfying, that which you may find hard to gain rid of.Now that we have seen the problem, lets move on to the solution.You must be wondering , how is it ever possible to stop swearing ? The first step is to make a commitment to yourself, to stop this habit .How can we make a commitment to ourselves you may ask . First, find substations to the words you commonly swear with. Think of words that are less offensive that can substitute the swear words you commonly use with. An example would be, get into the habit of saying phew instead of curse words. You may feel a little silly at first, but after a while, youll get used to it, and no one will actually question why you said it, because it is a socially acceptable phraseOther than that , One psychological regularity that can be used is to punish yourself.You must be thinking, what do I mean by punishing yourself ? What I am trying to say is that , every time you swear ,make a commitment by putting money in a swear jar for charity every time you curse. This actually gives you extra motivation to stop.In conclusion , most teen nowadays do not use profanity to rebel or lecture people. It has simply became a part of our society so much that has lost Its original meaning. Foul words are now used as an total part of speech and is commonly used in the daily basis. Please bare in mind that Alexander Pope once said that, To swear is neither brave, polite nor wise. Finally, I hope that you will understand that swearing is not good and unnecessary. It is best kept for the really emotional or horrifying moment instead of over using it at every speech act.

Analysis Of The Vietnamese Tourism Market

Analysis Of The Vietnamese actism MarketMy friend and I have passion in circuitism. My friend has several long time of experience working for an valet de chambrewide exit confederation in Ho Chi Minh City as a pop off consultant cum encumbrance operator. She have strong relationship with five star hotels and restaurants in Vietnam. I have break to travel to many countries and study international tourism industry. I also have a part-time job as a tour guide for some travel companies. I understand what tourists expect from a knowledgeabe and friendly tour guide , quality profit as fountainhead. Thus, combining her experience in Vietnamese tourism merchandise and my understanding active international tourists demands, we decide to open a travel company, named opulence hindrance Co. in Ho Chi Minh City. Our target market is Spain. Within the next five year, we shit luxuriousness trip as the first choice for the Spaniard when they think of travelling to Vietnam. This name guarantees for best returns,best choice as our s put downan of Think nothing, let us. This trade plan is designed to highlight significant steps and other related issues to run business well and meet the goal.Market Overview crackism is considered as the bring up industry in the show up future. Tourism involves three sectors, they ar, domestic market, inward market and outbound market (Helmut Wachwiak, 200648). Domestic tourism aims to local customers, while inbound tourism aims to draw in international tourists to the country and outbound tourism aims to organising tour for local tourists who want to travel abroad. Among of which, inbound tourism is emphasized most. It not solo creates more employment opportunities for the local people but also plays an important role to attract foreign investment in Vietnam as MICE tours be serves popular.Tourism is ground on a lot of factors. Here is the list of some changes influencing tourism in general and Luxury Tour business activi ties ( Lloyd E. Hudman, Richard H.Jackson, 200324)Infrastructure in Vietnam . sagacity the contribute of the non-smoke industry, Vietnamese Government has invested in some projects, such as building metro, road etc. , and encouraged people take part in introducing beautiful image of Vietnam to the world ( Vietnam Tourism, 2010 )Social behavior. For example, considering the tour price, it depends on the suppliersquotation. They are five star hotels, restaurants, transportation etc. In peak seasons when several tourists come to Vietnam, lack of commodation or waiters/waitresses is predictable. As the result, the tour price is higher, but tourists are served less.Increased gas/petrol price. That is to say, it leads to the increase of price in transportation, flight tatter etc.The rapid training of Internet and e-commerce. According to the CIA Factbook, in 2009, 50% of Spaniard use internet, and this publication is increasing repidly. It push e-commerce developped moreStable VND-Eu ro currency enumerate makes tour price stable and more competitive than other markets ( Vietnam Central Bank, 2010)Stable politics makes international tourists feel safety while staying in Vietnam bare-assed tourism trend. According to ITB World pilgrimage Trends Report 2010/2011, Southeast Asia is sparkling as an ideal destination to EU market. They prefer have it offing sun and b distributively and discovering east cultureIncreased income. That is to say, more tourists want to spend their holidays at the highest standardCustomer InformationAccording to World Tourism Ranking, Spain ranks 11th in the world in terms of spend on international travel, but thither has been significant growth in recent years in outbound travel. emergence is evaluate to continue as more and more Spaniards have holiday habits .Besides , Spanish long-haul travelers take advantage of very favorable Euro to VND exchange rate. The weakening of the VND could attract more interest in this destination .To u nderstand clearly, here is the Spanish Outbound Travel Trend. Destination Some competitive destinations to Vietnam are Fiji, French Polynesia, Australia, China, Japan, Mexico, and the ground forces . However, Europe remains the main destination for Spanish travelers , tho 27 % of the outbound trips are far beyond the European borders ( World Tourism Organization, 2007 ) Travel season nigh of the Spanish decide to travel abroad in August , September the time of summer vacations . However , short breaks are crack more widely through the year, in particular around public holiday times. The average length of stay for holidays abroad is around 9 nights. shoot for Leisure (54.3%) remains the main reason for travelling outside Spain , followed by business events or work related (20%). The key driver for taking foreign holidays is visiting other countries, learning about their culture and seeing and doing lots.Market InformationAccording to Vietnam tourism, in 2010, there were 5,04 9,855 international tourists travelling to Vietnam, which was 34.8% higher than 2009. Most of them were from China, South Korea, Japan and other Asian countries. Obviously, compared to other markets, westward tourists have not known much about Vietnam. With the wave of Asian culture, Asia becomes an ideal choice, curiously Southeast Asia. Following the new trend, Vietnamese government have encoraged travel companies to study and make plans to expand busiess into Western markets.According to World Torism Organization, in Europe, with 19.7 gazillion USD spent in international tourism expenditure (2007), Spain ranked 11th in the world . This number seems to increase annually. However, according to Vietnam National Administration of Tourism, the number of Spanish tourists to Vietnam for leisure purpose is still low and recently, the government with promoting activities is aiming efforts at opening Spain market as our main target market in the near futureIn Vietnam, there are two majo r travel companies which target Spanish markets, they are, ASCO Lotus Travel and Exotissimo Travel. ASCO have years of experience for Western tourists to operate tour to Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia and ASCO while Exotissimo opened branches in Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia and Myanmar. They aims to high-and-above-income maket while Luxury Tour aims to serve mid(prenominal) and high income tourists with the highest standard. As a Vietnamese travel company, Luxury Tour understand Vietnamese business behavior. Thus it is easier to build strong relationship with local suppliers.Industry InformationNearly 1.6 billion is the expected number of international arrivals forecasted by UNWTOs Tourism 2020 Vision by the year 2020. Among of them, 1.2 billion will travel to other countries and 378 million will take eight-day trips. It is obvious that travel between different regions (outbound and inbound) tends to grow at a faster rate than intraregional travel (domestics) . In 2007, interregional travel increased by 8% as against a growth of 6% for intraregional traffic.According to Vietnam Tourism(2010), from October 10th to declination 3 inaugural 2010, following Vietnam-your destination campaign, international tourists were welcome to Vietnam without visa. With this opened policies, Vietnam was successful in attracting inbound tourists, e limitedly in Western markets. In 2011, it is expected that Vietnamese Government will consider its effectiveness and efficiency to making further finding better.Product/Service InformationLuxury Tour wants to approach mid and high income Spaniards. Most of them are businessmen, specialists, and professors etc. who are too busy to enjoy their time. With the slogan of Think nothing, let us, Luxury Tour wants to be the useful right hand by bringing them into the most comfortable world with families and friends. We fracture several tour packages with high quality. All customer requirements are satisfied perfectly. From the moment customers contact Luxury Tour to the end of the tour, customers will be serviced by friendly and professional staff, such as travel consultants, tour operators, tour guide and othersSWOT AnalysisSTRENGTHSHigh-quality service mathematical operational efficiencyExperienced and extremely customer-oriented staffStrong market and sales forcesStrong relationships with both suppliers and Spanish travel agenciesWEAKNESSESNew brand name in the marketLimited cypherNo representative office in Spain, so Luxury Tour can not contact directly to the target customerDepend on Spanish travel agenciesOPPORTUNITIESSpain is a new emerging or developing market for Vietnamese tourism industryLess competitionRapid development of e-commerceSupport from government (i.e. opened policies to encourage tourism)Social changes more Spanish want to travel to Southeast countriesTHREATSFinancial crisisThe increasing of potential competitorsSocial problems there are many beggers who follow tourists from plac es to placesObjectivesThe key objectives for Luxury Tour areWithin 5 years , Luxury Tour becomes the Vietnamese leading tour operator in Spanish market segment with 30% of share market .Integrated marketing services are established to present a unified image/brand identity of Vietnam as an ideal destination .The number of loyal tourists is increasedAfter the first five year, Luxury Tour will expand business into other Western markets, such as the Portugal, the Netherland etc.StrategyWith Luxury Tour, tourists will experience the finest service, enjoy the most scrumptious Vietnamese cusine and stay at the most comfortable hotels. Our efforts are to make tourists remember uniqueness and hospitality of Vietnam in general and Luxury Tour in particular. It is can be measured by the increased number of Spanish tourists coming back to Vietnam annually.What Luxury Tour try to sell is not only tours themselves but also benefits. A good tour operator knows how to control income factors and h ow to balance incomes and outcomes ( customer requirement) to satisfy three parties, that is to say, tourists are pleased with service, suppliers are prosperous to serve and Luxury Tour gets profits and more importantly, customer awareness.ProductTo be more competitive in the market , our tour itineraries are designed with two advantages Quality and Customer service.*** In term of Quality Tour itinerary is designed based on 5H model , that is the combination of Hospitality, Honesty , Heritage, History,Heroic**** In term of Customer Service Speed We have hotline served 24/7 to answer all customers questions and complainFlexibility Tour itinerary can be re-designed to fit separately customers requirementReliability all needed info is provided to customers before they book tours , including warning (if applicable )PricingOur target customer is from mid-income and above. They commonly prefer to enjoy holidays in their own tastes and required to be served at the highest level. Thus we mix two price strategies, good-value pricing strategy and value-added pricing. Luxury Tour will design a basic package price which combines high standard, good service at reasonable price. From the basics, this tour is tailor-made to fix each customer demand. The price is changeable based on the seasons, supple-demand balance and other unforeseen situations. Normally our estimated price is around USD 2,200 / pax.DistributionFor the short term , to commit activities to attract tourists from Spain to Vietnam and expand distribution channel to meet market needs and serve customers better, Luxury Tour has partnered with tourism companies in Spain. With this partnership, Luxury Tour has been in the big cities of Spain, such as Barcelona , Madrid , Valencia etc. For the long term, within the next 5 years , Luxury Tour opens one representative authority in Madrid to approach customers needs easily and efficientlyPromotionWebsiteLuxury Tour launches and operates Internet site effectiv ely as a practical(prenominal) tourist office in which customers can find a lot of information about Vietnam and useful tips for their tour . The website is designed with friendly screen and easy-to-follow instructions. Besides, our online travel consultants are willing to help customers design suitable tour itineraries with reasonable price and support them during and after journey.Search Engines OptimisationTo be recognized among millions of tourism websites, we will corporate with some internet search engine sites such as http//www.ivivu.com/http//www.skydoor.net/http//www.chudu24.com/http//yeudulich.vn/http//www.tourism-review.com/Instead of buying a place on their website, Luxury Tour allow them a business corporation opportunity, this is, banner exchange. This is a win-win corporationAdvertisingAs a new brand name in opulence tourism industry, we decide to focus on bringing our image to the target customers. Our target customer segmentation is from mid and high income. Choo sing a reliable snip is the first choice. Among of which is Travel and Entertainment magazine the publication of Ministry of Culture, Sport and Tourism and the leading magazine in tourism of Vietnam. It is available in Vietnam Airlines, Indochina Airline and royal Brunei Airline.Public RelationsTo build strong relationship with Spanish travel companies as well as to prove them our outstanding service walked, Luxury Tour usually invites partners and Spanish press to have trips to Vietnam for free of charge. It is not only a normal business trip but also a chance to introduce Vietnam beauty and its tourism potentials as well. Besides, Luxury Tour also have budget to sponsor for community activities such as planting tree, building houses for the poor etc. to emphasize that Luxury Tour image is not connected to business only, it is the combination between social responsibility, environmental protection and business.PromotionsLuxury Tour usually takes part in some trade exhibitions i n Vietnam and foreign countries. This form of promotional activity enables promotion directly to the consumer for creating word-of-mouth channel. We offer 10% discount for who books tours at exhibitionsBrandingLuxury Tour wants to build a friendly image and impress current and potential customers by service quality. Our logo is design with the main color of green and the image of a typical tourist. Our slogan is think nothing.Let us.Operational PlanSucessful tourism business depends on the service quality. Tourism is unlike other industries. We try to sell invisible products. The key points are how to persuade them to trial our service and how to make them feel undisappoited about their decision.To meet that goal, Luxury Tour must pay attention to setting up a quality control system strictly. Not only checking service from suppliers, employee force must be trainned to serve customer 24/7 . Any problems before, during and after tour need to be solved soon. After each tour, based on t heir feedback, Luxury Tour have some change to improve more and serve better.Sales promotionDyring the first six month, Luxury Tour aims to attract customer awareness and introduce our service. We offer customers 5%-10% discount program. When customers know more about us, so discount strategy is not applied. Instead, we focus on added benefits, for example, booking tour to travel across Vietnam, tourists get one buffet ticket at Caravelle Saigon.AdvertisingOur target segmentation is mid and high income customers. Most of them are businessmen who usually travel by airplain. Thus in our marketing budget, there are amount of money consumption to advertising on airline magazines, such as Travel and Entertainment .Public relationsPublic relation is a tool to improve company image positively. It needs long-term plan. Developing a brand name with the image of friendliness and hospitality, Luxury Tour will organize some special tours called community connection. Joining this, tourists do n ot only have chance to travel to Vietnam but also join community activities, such as teach children, planting tree, farming etc. It makes tourists feel that their money is reinvested into society.Direct MarketingIn term of direct marketing, there are many forms. To maximize marketing effectiveness, we suggest to combine direct mail, email marketing, social network, brochure and magazine advertising. To get the mid and high income customer database, Luxury Tour could buy from market research companies or take advantage of current database of Spanish travel agencies. Then we will send them our company profile and e-brochure to introduce our service and encorage them to log in our website to receive a 10%-discount travelling coupon for the first visit.Online MarketingOwning a well-designed and multi-function website is a tool to approach targeted customers. Our online travel consultants who comminicate well in English and Spanish are willing to assist customers to search info, design tour itineraries. Customers can book and pay online. The payment method is variable, from bank ravish to PayPal, Master Card, Credit Card etc. Once payment is done, confirmation, receipt, flight e-ticket and a package of Vietnamese information are sent to customers email box.Budgets and carry out planItemJun-11Jul-11Aug-11Sep-11Cost( USD)Department / Employee nameMeasure of SuccessMaking business plan, design logo, slogan and complete register documents1st1st2,000Nguyen Mai Ly The genaral DirectorRecuit human resource1st1st1,000HR Departmentrecruit experienced employeesDesign tour itineraries and deal with suppliers1st31st1,500Operation DepartmentTour itineraries are design to meet Luxury Tour targerted market requirement and local suppliers are pleased with our request and agree to offer competative priceContact with some Spanish travel companies, pursuade them to corporate with Luxury Tour and sign the contracts15th15th5,000Operation DepartmentAt least(prenominal) 10 Spanish t ravel companies are interested in our offers and agree to cooperate with Luxury ToursDesign Website and brochure1st 15th1,000Admin DepartmentThe website is well designed , easy-to-follow and imformativeDiscuss with tourism websites for banner exchange15th15th1,000Sales and Marketing Departmentour banner is posted at all sites as listedPrint brochure and distribute at luxury hotels, Tan Son Nhat airports and other entertainment centers15th15th3,000Sales and Marketing DepartmentOur brochures are delivered to the targeted customersAdvertising on travel magazines and newspapers15th June 15th December 2011700Sales and Marketing DepartmentLuxury Tour information is advertised for 7 months ( June December 2011)Organize tours for 10 major Spanish travel representative and 10 Spanish travel journalists to Vietnam15th5th20,000Operation DepartmentAll guests are pleased with our service and after this tour, ten articles will be written and published over the next month in major travel magazi nes and website in SpainOpening ceremony8th2,000100 invited guests, including suppliers, Spanish travel companies, press, Spanish businessmen in HCMC and othersTOTAL37,200